Factors Contributing to Employment Status over Time for Caregivers of Young People with Mental Health Disorders

Abstract

This study utilized the conservation of resources theory to guide the examination of employment outcomes for caregivers of children with emotional and/or behavioral disorders. The sample included 2455 caregivers whose children received services through federally funded systems of care. Of special interest was whether receiving services and supports predicted change in employment status. We examined change in employment between baseline data collection and the six-month follow-up including: (1) gaining employment, and (2) retaining employment. Findings indicated that the relationship between service/supports and caregiver employment differed depending on initial employment status, and type of service received. Accessing any service was associated with gaining employment. For families who accessed any services, receiving behavioral aide services was associated with gaining employment. Caregivers of children who used residential services were less likely to lose employment. Several child, caregiver, and demographic variables also predicted employment status over time. Taken together, the findings suggest that caregivers of children with emotional and behavioral challenges are at risk for downward cycles of resource loss, and that services and supports have the potential to mitigate that risk.

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