Factors associated with the development of skin allergies in premature newborns in the first year of life

Abstract

Objective To identify the factors associated with the development of skin allergies in the first year of life in moderate and late preterm infants. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with 151 moderate and late preterm infants, born between May 2016 and May 2017. Participants were evaluated in the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months of life, in telephone interviews. Statistical analyzes were performed in the SPSS software with frequency comparison tests and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of skin allergy, in the perception of caregivers, among late and moderate preterm infants was 16%. Factors such as being admitted to neonatal intensive care (p = 0.006) and not being breastfed (p = 0.041) showed a significant association with the development of skin allergies in the 3rd and 12th months of life, respectively. Conclusion: Skin allergy, in the perception of caregivers, is more severe in newborn infants who have clinical respiratory and gastrointestinal manifestations, be it conditioning or cause-effect. Breastfeeding proved to be a protective factor in the first year of life.

Lactancia materna exclusiva como factor protector de alergias cutáneas en prematuros durante el primer año de vida

“…Se planteó a la LME como factor protector para alergias cutáneas en aquellos RN prematuros moderados a tardíos. En un estudio, realizado por Jantsch BL., y colaboradores (12), se obtuvo que conforme iban pasando los meses, los pacientes que desarrollaban alergias cutáneas hasta el año de vida y que no recibían LME era aún mayor que aquellos que no las recibían. Estos resultados son similares a nuestro estudio (Tabla 1), donde se encontró que, del total de pacientes prematuros con alergias cutáneas, el 26,4% recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva; mientras que, del total de pacientes prematuros sin alergias cutáneas, el 84% recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva; por lo que el uso de lactancia materna exclusiva fue menor en prematuros con alergias cutáneas en comparación a los que no tienen alergias cutáneas.…”