Factors Associated with the Clinical Course of Vitreomacular Traction

Abstract

Background. To analyze the optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics as well as the clinical and demographic features to investigate their possible role to the course of vitreomacular traction syndrome. Methods. The inclusion criteria were vitreomacular adhesion with traction causing distortion of the retinal architecture, with or without the presence of an epiretinal membrane, regardless of the size of the adhesion; age >18 years; follow-up of at least three months; and adequate quality OCT scan. Measurements of foveal thickness, average macular thickness, macular volume, maximum vertical and horizontal vitreomacular adhesion, nasal and temporal angles of traction, hyaloid hyperreflectivity, the presence of an epiretinal membrane (ERM), and cone outer segment tips detachment were obtained. Results. 150 eyes were included in the analysis. 36 eyes (24%) developed complete resolution at the last visit, 19 eyes (12.7%) formed a full-thickness macular hole, and 95 eyes (63.3%) showed no resolution of the traction. Better BCVA at the first visit was associated with an increased likelihood of resolution of the VMT, but increasing age, CMT, and BCVA in the end of the follow-up was associated with a reduction in the likelihood of resolving. Of the other variables that were studied, no statistical significant predictors were identified. Conclusions. Better BCVA in the first visit was associated with an increased likelihood of resolution of the VMT that occurred in 24% of our cases. Other factors such as the vertical area of adhesion and the angle of adhesion were not identified as prognostic factors affecting the clinical course of the disease.

Prevalence and Associations of Vitreomacular Traction: The Beijing Eye Study

“…Interestingly, several clinical-based studies revealed that the occurrence of a VMT was significantly associated with elder age and the mean age of patients diagnosed with VMT is around 65-75 years (range 48-83 years), with a predominance of females. 7,[16][17][18] These findings confirm our results. VMT is a special stage of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), and studies in healthy adults with otherwise normal eyes have shown that posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) occurs in around 50% at the ages 30-39 years, whereas complete PVD is observed in 50% or more of individuals more than aged 70 years.…”

Optical coherence tomography biomarkers as outcome predictors to guide dexamethasone implant use in patients with iERM: a randomized controlled trial

“…Residual ME remains an obstacle to complete visual function recovery in terms of decreased CMT and improved BCVA. Preoperatively, ME, caused by persistent attachment of the vitreous and inflammation, plays the principal role in the decline in visual acuity [ 27 ]. Mechanical surgical intervention can aggravate ME by damaging the blood-retinal barrier and promoting inflammatory exudates and leukocyte responses in the macular region.…”

Incidence of Pseudophakic Cystoid Macular Oedema Post-Cataract Surgery in Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Australia

“…Given the high rates of PCMO generally in the DM populations, it is fair to conclude pharmaceutical management is suboptimal, and future efforts should be directed towards de-DOI: 10.1159/000521053 veloping more evidence-based medical therapies. For patients with VMT and DM before undergoing cataract surgery, it may be beneficial to undergo a vitrectomy to reduce the chances of developing post-operative PCMO or delaying cataract surgery for spontaneous resolution of VMT which has been observed in 11% of cases within 15 months [46,47].…”