Factors associated with risk of developmental delay in preschool children in a setting with high rates of malnutrition: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the IHOPE study, Madagascar

Miller, Ann C.; Garchitorena, Andrés; Rabemananjara, Faramalala; Cordier, Laura; Randriamanambintsoa, Marius; Rabeza, Victor; Razanadrakoto, Hery-Tiana Rahaniraka; Ramakasoa, Ranaivozafindary Rakoto; RamahefarisonTiana, Olivier; Ratsimbazafy, Baolova Nathaline; Ouenzar, Mohammed Ali; Bonds, Matthew H.; Ratsifandrihamanana, Lisy

doi:10.1186/s12887-020-1985-6

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Malnutrition of Malagasy children, especially in the poorest parts of the country, such as the studied RU region, was confirmed and discussed by other studies (51)(52)(53)(54)(55) . It was shown that nutritional deficiencies in Madagascar, but also generally, are widely conditioned by many factors, mainly by inadequate food intake and infectious diseases, socioeconomic factors, nutritional education and family influence (54,56,57) .…”

Section: Nutritional Statussupporting

confidence: 66%

Concentration of selected elements in the hair of Madagascar girls in relation to nutritional status and place of residence

et al. 2021

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Although the children malnutrition in Madagascar and the environmental pollution of this country has been widely discussed, there is no research on the differences in toxic elements accumulation in human body in dependence on nutritional status of Malagasy. Nine elements concentration (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sn and Sb) was determined in scalp hair of 103 schoolgirls (8–15 years old), living in two areas: urban - close to Antananarivo (UR) and rural Berevo region (RU). Samples were analyzed by an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. The nutritional status was evaluated by Cole’s Index. Underweight was related to higher accumulation of Al, Cd, and Cr in the hair girls, and more common among girls living in RU than UR region (42% vs 28%). Two-factor analysis of variance showed differences in the Al and Cr content in the girls’ hair depending both on their place of residence and nutritional status. This indicates additional consequence of malnutrition to the girls development and health.

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Section: Nutritional Statussupporting

confidence: 66%

Concentration of selected elements in the hair of Madagascar girls in relation to nutritional status and place of residence

et al. 2021

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“…8 A study showed that stunting is not a significant factor associated with the risk of developmental delay (AOR=1.36; 0.85, 2.15) or low development (AOR=0.92; 0.48, 1.78). 26 Other studies have found that cognitive stimulation, 29 stunting, 30 iodine deficiency, 31 and irondeficiency anemia are key risk factors for developmental delay and may play a role in preventing it. [32][33][34][35][36] However, nutritional insults in the early childhood period significantly affect the cognitive potential of a child, as evidenced by the finding that for every 1 cm increase in the height of the child, improvement in child cognitive performance was observed (0.22-0.24 SD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stunting and Underweight, but not Wasting are Associated with Delay in Child Development in Southwest Ethiopia

Abdu¹,

Fikre²,

Girum³

et al. 2022

PHMT

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Background: Stimulating care during childhood is the foundation for optimal health, learning, productivity, and social well-being throughout the life course. In addition, malnutrition is a major public health concern affecting up to half of children under-five years in Ethiopia. However, evidence on the causal contribution of malnutrition to delay in child development is poorly understood in Ethiopia. Objective: To identify the relationship between different forms of malnutrition and delay in child development among children in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based survey was conducted among 507 randomly selected mother-child pairs in the Guraghe Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. A pretested tool and validated anthropometric measurements were used. Anthropometric indices (WFH, WFA, and HFA) were calculated in Anthros software. The data were summarized in mean, median, standard deviation, tables and charts. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression (stepwise backward regression) models were fitted with nutritional status (wasting, stunting and underweight) and other potential factors associated with delay in child developmental. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and p-values were reported. Results: A total of 507 mother-child (12-59 months) pairs were included in the survey (97% response rate). The mean ASQ-3 score was 150 (± 23.4), with a minimum and maximum score of 45 and 270, respectively. A total of 149 (29.4%; 95% CI: 25.4-33.4) children had developmental delays, where 17.2%, 16.8%, 13.4%, 10.8%, and 10.1% had delays in gross motor, communication, problem-solving, personal-social, and fine motor skills, respectively. Children of working mothers (AOR=2.9; 1.8, 4.8), preterm births (AOR=3.2; 1.4, 7.0), early initiation of complementary feeding (AOR=2.5; 1.37, 4.6), stunting (AOR=3.0; 1.9, 4.7), underweight (AOR= 2.3; 1.1, 4.7) and low dietary diversity score (AOR=3.1; 1.3, 7.5), were predictors of developmental delay. Conclusion: Child development delay is a public health concern and it is strongly associated with stunting, underweight, undiversified dietary consumption, and suboptimal infant and young child feeding practices.

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“…At this stage of the research, authors may speculate only that a diet poor in protein and bioelements and a diet rich in grains increases the accumulation of REE in the bodies of malnourished children. This effect is observed for heavy metals, especially cadmium [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Malnourished Malagasy children did not consume meat, fish or milk (nutritional interview data).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Elements Accumulation in the Hair of Malagasy Children and Adolescents in Relation to Their Age and Nutritional Status

Zielińska‐Dawidziak

Człapka-Matyasik

Wojciechowska

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Due to undesired influence, the accumulation of rare earth elements (REE) in the human body has been discussed recently. However, it is usually limited to the study of the population living where REE ores and mines are located. The aim of the experiment presented was to analyse the concentration of REE in the hair of children and teenagers living in two areas of Madagascar in relation to the place of residence, nutritional status, age and sex. REE concentration was determined in scalp hair of 262 of subjects (5–19 years old) by an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. The content of total REE in the Malagasy hair was in the range of 0.79–44.15 mg/kg. The nutritional status was evaluated by Cole’s index, and malnutrition of children was observed more often in village areas. The concentration of these elements was also determined in 20 samples for the estimation of environmental exposure. No significant differences were detected in the content of these elements in the studied regions, although the mean value was always higher in soil samples from the Antananariva region. The obtained data suggest dependence between REE concentration in the hair and age, and nutritional status of the examined subjects. Even if the observed correlations are weak, they contribute significant knowledge on the accumulation of REE in the bodies of children living in areas that are not recognised as deposits of these elements.

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Factors associated with risk of developmental delay in preschool children in a setting with high rates of malnutrition: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the IHOPE study, Madagascar

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Concentration of selected elements in the hair of Madagascar girls in relation to nutritional status and place of residence

Concentration of selected elements in the hair of Madagascar girls in relation to nutritional status and place of residence

Stunting and Underweight, but not Wasting are Associated with Delay in Child Development in Southwest Ethiopia

Rare Earth Elements Accumulation in the Hair of Malagasy Children and Adolescents in Relation to Their Age and Nutritional Status

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