Factors associated with psychic symptomatology in diabetics during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

Objectives: to determine the frequency and factors associated with severe / extreme signs and symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression in diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted in April /May 2020, which included 162 individuals with diabetes mellitus and over 18 years old. An online questionnaire was applied on social networks, composed of biological, sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and the Stress, Anxiety and Depression Scale (DASS-21). For statistical analysis, a multivariate logistic regression model was applied with a 5% significance level. Results: frequency of 37.7%, 43.3% and 45.1% were found for some symptom of stress, anxiety and depression, respectively. The factors associated with sign and symptoms of severe / extreme psychic disorders were: not having religion (stress, anxiety and depression); be at graduation (stress and anxiety); history of anxiety and depression (anxiety and depression); not practicing or decreasing physical exercises and starting, increased or continue taking sleeping medications (stress); history of contact with a suspected case of COVID-19, absence or decreased leisure (anxiety); female gender, absence of a partner, decreased family income and work or study (depression). Conclusion: the frequency of psychological disorders was higher than described in the literature on diabetic patients, being associated with biological, sociodemographic, clinical factors and aspects related to COVID-19 during the pandemic

Psychological Health and Diabetes Self-Management among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during COVID-19 in the Southwest of Saudi Arabia

“…Moreover, our findings corroborate what was discovered during the COVID-19 pandemic among diabetic patients in Brazil [ 20 ]; 43.3% of participants had anxiety while 45.1% of participants had depression. Our study discovered that depression rates were likewise similar to those observed in Bangladeshi patients with chronic diseases [ 21 ]; 59% of participants had anxiety while 71.6% of participants had depression.…”

Factors Associated With Resilience in People With Diabetes During the Social Distancing Period Imposed by the Covid-19 Pandemic

“…The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants in this study diverge from those found in other studies conducted with people living with DM during social distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic, in which there is predominance of users with undergraduate/graduate degrees, aged between 30 40 years old and self-declared white skin [10][11] .…”

“…It is important to emphasize that, as a result of the pandemic, many people were affected by work-related modifications and by changes in the family income. This is proven in an research study whose data showed that 43.2% of the participants had their monthly family income reduced 11 . In addition to the elements herein presented, a research study that investigated mental health and work attitudes among people who returned to work during the COVID-19 pandemic pointed out that the main risk factor for mental health impairment was concern with unemployment, as being unemployed meant losing their source of income and not having financial security 30 .…”

Prevalence of Depression and Related Factors among Patients with Chronic Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Factors reported to be associated with the presence of depressive symptoms in diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic included female gender [ 30 , 32 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], being single [ 38 , 41 ], the absence of religious faith [ 41 ], lower education level [ 38 ], smoking [ 40 ], a history of anxiety and/or depression [ 41 ], lower income [ 41 ] and part-time work or remote study [ 41 ]. In relation to age, some authors indicate that younger age is a predisposing factor [ 28 , 32 , 38 ] while others found no significant relationship [ 39 ] ( Table 2 ).…”