Factors Associated with Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension among Adults in Southern China: A Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in southern China. A cross-sectional, population-based survey was conducted in 180 villages across 15 counties in southern China from July to November 2010. Totally, 17437 persons completed all of the questionnaires, measurement examination and blood specimen collection. Adjusted rate of hypertension was 22.59% (95%CI: 22.52%–22.66%), for men 23.36% (95%CI: 23.25%–23.47%) and for women 21.77% (95%CI: 21.68%–21.86%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that old age, education attainment, alcohol use, diabetes, obesity, high TC and high TG were associated with hypertension. Among the hypertensive individuals, 54.33% were aware of their hypertension, and 46.34% were currently taking antihypertensive medication, but only 18.26% had their blood pressure controlled. Among all the hypertensive subjects, awareness was more common in those who were female, living in the urban, old age, low education attainment, diabetes, overweight, obese, Low HDL-C. Among the subjects aware of their diagnosis of hypertension, medication treatment was more common in those living in the urban, old age, nonsmoker and diabetes. Among the individuals who receiving medication treatment, controlled hypertension were less common in those living in the urban, young age, low education attainment, overweight and obese. Despite high rate of hypertension, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension still need to be strengthened.

Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in northeast China: a population-based cross-sectional survey

“…Our study also showed that highly educated people usually had a lower rate of hypertension than those with low education levels. This finding was consistent with several other studies [23][24][25]. It may reflect that factors associated with hypertension are similar among different ethnicities.…”

Hypertension Detection, Management, Control and Associated Factors Among Residents Accessing Community Health Services In Beijing

“…Compared with people who have attained a high level of education, people with a lower education level usually have less knowledge about hypertension and consequently live an unhealthier lifestyle. In previous studies232829, a lower education level was associated with poor BP control, which was consistent with the findings of the present study.…”

“…However, our findings showed that overweight and obese people were more likely to be aware of, and treated for, hypertension but had poorer BP control compared with people with normal/low body weight. Other studies have also shown that overweight or obesity was significantly associated with hypertension and better BP awareness but poorer BP control among hypertensive patients2336. It has been suggested that overweight and obesity positively influence BP monitoring and the prescription of medication for treatment; thus resulting in higher rates of awareness and treatment.…”

The dynamics of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and associated factors in Chinese adults

“…A recent study reported the close relationship between effective hypertension management and patterns of health insurance in China [9]. Compared with our analysis, similar results were obtained in other investigations with respect to alcohol consumption [29,30], household income [30], BMI [29,31], marital status [4,32] and level of education [33,34]. Apart from this, our findings showed worse awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among other ethnicities than Han population.…”