Factors associated with preterm birth in Cardiff, Wales

Meis, Paul J.; Michielutte, Robert; Peters, Tim J.; Wells, H. Bradley; Sands, Russell; Coles, E C; Johns, Kevin

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(95)90287-2

Cited by 167 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In 1957, Simpson (1957) first suggested an association between smoking and preterm delivery and identified a dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and preterm delivery; he also reported that the incidence of low birth weight infants among smokers was nearly twice than among non-smokers. Other investigators have also reported similar conclusions (Meyer & Tonascia 1977, McDonald et al 1992, Meis et al 1995.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Cigarette smoke extract enhances oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions of rat and human preterm myometrium

Nakamoto¹,

Yasuda²,

Yasuhara³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although smoking during pregnancy is a major risk factor for preterm delivery, the underlying mechanism by which smoking stimulates uterine contractions is still poorly understood. In the present study, we tried to clarify the effects of smoking on myometrial contractility induced by oxytocin (OT) using cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Myometrial strips, which were taken from the rat on day 16 of pregnancy, and from human preterm and term delivery groups, were incubated overnight with several doses of CSE at 37 8C under non-hormonal conditions. The uterine contractile sensitivity and activity (force and frequency) upon exposure to OT were investigated. Furthermore, the expression levels of oxytocin receptor (OTR) mRNA in the myometrial strips were investigated by real-time PCR. Contractile sensitivity to OT in the rat CSE (10 K7 pieces/ml) group was found to be significantly higher than in the control group (P!0.05). Contractile activity did not differ between the CSE and control groups. The expression levels of rat OTR mRNA in the CSE (10 K7 pieces/ml) group were significantly higher than in the control group (P!0.01). Similarly, in preterm myometrial strips, the expression levels of human OTR mRNA in the CSE (10 K7 pieces/ml) group were significantly higher than in the control group (P!0.05). These findings suggest that CSE directly increases the contractile sensitivity of preterm myometrium in response to OT by upregulating the expression of OTR mRNA and thereby increases the risk of preterm delivery in women, who smoke during pregnancy.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Cigarette smoke extract enhances oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions of rat and human preterm myometrium

Nakamoto¹,

Yasuda²,

Yasuhara³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in these studies only a limited number of explanatory factors was included. [4][5][6][7] Pregnancy characteristics In our study, a relatively high prevalence of pre-eclampsia and IUGR was found among lower educated women. Since both pre-eclampsia and IUGR are highly associated with and often the direct cause of preterm birth, these medical conditions explained part of the increased risk of preterm birth among low educated women.…”

Section: Explanation Of Risk Of Preterm Birthmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…The magnitude of the odds ratio for preterm birth among low versus high educated women compares well with earlier findings from Western countries. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] For instance, Peacock et al also reported the prevalence of preterm birth in the U.K. roughly to be twice as high in the lower SES strata as compared to high SES. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining educational inequalities in birthweight: the Generation R Study

Jansen

Tiemeier

Looman³

et al. 2009

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…We then discovered that routinely collected maternity data often have a significant proportion of cases with unrecorded, or unknown, best estimate of gestational age at birth; up to 40% of cases having been thereby excluded from some reports. [6][7][8][9][10] It is important to identify the reasons for unrecorded best estimate of gestational age at birth, because if the group excluded from analysis differed systematically from the analysed group, then the results would be biased and the sample studied would not be a true representative of the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of exclusion of cases with unrecorded best estimate of gestational age on the estimates of preterm birth rate

Balchin¹,

Whittaker²,

Lamont³

et al. 2009

BJOG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives To investigate the effect of excluding cases with unrecorded best estimate of gestational age at birth on pregnancy outcome reporting and to determine the reasons for unrecorded gestational age data. Design Prospective study. Setting Fifteen maternity units in North West London. Population 497 105 women who booked for antenatal care from 1988 to 1998. Method Multiple logistic regression analysis. Main outcome measures Preterm birth rate of, and the factors associated with, cases with unrecorded best estimate of gestational age at birth. Results Of the 53 981 cases with an unrecorded best estimate of gestational age at birth, by using additional data, it was possible to compute a new best estimate of gestational age in 80%. In this latter group, the preterm birth rate was 42% (95% CI 41.5–42.6). The corrected, overall preterm birth rate in North West London (9.8%, 9.7–9.9) was higher than the original estimate (7.6%, 7.5–7.7), which included only cases with recorded data on gestational age at birth. The most significant factors associated with an unrecorded gestational age were no ultrasound scan (OR 49, P < 0.001), and preterm birth <31 weeks (OR 30, P < 0.001). Conclusions The incidence of preterm birth are likely to be under‐reported in studies where only cases with readily available gestational age data are included. In routinely collected maternity data, human omission is an important contributing factor for an unrecorded best estimate of gestational age at birth. This is associated with the urgent transfer of babies to the neonatal intensive care unit.

show abstract

Factors associated with preterm birth in Cardiff, Wales

Cited by 167 publications

References 20 publications

Cigarette smoke extract enhances oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions of rat and human preterm myometrium

Cigarette smoke extract enhances oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions of rat and human preterm myometrium

Explaining educational inequalities in birthweight: the Generation R Study

The effect of exclusion of cases with unrecorded best estimate of gestational age on the estimates of preterm birth rate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About