Factors associated with prematurity in Pinar del Río year 2023

Abstract

Introduction. Premature birth constitutes a great challenge for Perinatal Medicine; knowing the factors involved contributes to its prevention.Aim. Characterize the risk factors related to prematurity in Pinar del Río.Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional investigation was carried out on 147 preterm newborns, analysis of documents and birth databases was carried out, presentation of results in tables and map. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS program, summary measures were used for quantitative and qualitative variables.Results. The prematurity rate was 7.6%, Los Palacios, Minas de Matahambre and San Luis present the highest risk, 82.5% of the mothers were between 20 and 35 years old, 60.2% with good economic income, 19.4% They had a history of spontaneous abortions, 5.8% used tobacco, 63.0% had vaginal or urinary infections, 52.4% threatened preterm birth. There was a statistical association between black skin color, history of spontaneous abortion, hypertensive disorders, alcohol and tobacco consumption, poor housing conditions and student with IUGR. The workers, regular housing conditions, history of spontaneous abortion with the threat of preterm birth.Conclusions. Prematurity was high, three municipalities were at highest risk, sociodemographic factors, history of chronic diseases and other health damage, obstetric history, factors related to the current pregnancy were represented in prematurity. Severe maternal conditions and IUGR with altered Doppler were among the most associated triggering events.