Factors associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) 4–6 weeks and 6 months after birth: A longitudinal population-based study

Dikmen-Yildiz, Pelin; Ayers, Susan; Phillips, Louise H.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.049

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…A history of violence was also found to have contributed to initial symptoms of adolescent stress in the current study. Violence (trauma) has been cited as contributing to PTSS ( Dekel et al., 2017 ; Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017b ). Diagnosed PTSD affects about 7% of non-childbearing adolescents resulting from a variety of traumatic exposures; most commonly, interpersonal types of trauma, such as partner abuse ( McLaughlin et al., 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence of postpartum PTSD specifically among adolescents is unknown; for adult populations about one-third of women perceive their birth as traumatic ( Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017b ), and between1% and 6.3% experience postpartum PTSD ( Andersen et al., 2012 ; Ayers et al., 2016 ; Dekel et al., 2017 ; Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017a ). Ayers and colleagues (2016) differentiated risk factors for PTSD by pre-birth, during birth, and after birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strongly associated with PTSD is depression ( Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017a , 2017b ). Depression is a significant risk factor for health consequences among adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the minority of women developing postpartum PTSD or depression, symptoms typically decline over time, yet, for some women, symptoms linger months or years ( Beck, 2004 ; Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017b ; Madigan et al., 2014 ; Sumner et al., 2012 ). Persistent PTSD symptoms among adults have been associated with intrapartal events such as cesarean birth and infant complications, as well as pre-birth risk factors of intimate partner violence and depression ( Clout and Brown, 2015 ; Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017b ; Holditch-Davis et al., 2015 ; Kim et al., 2015 ; Ogbonnaya et al., 2013 ; Sumner et al., 2012 ). Dikmen-Yildiz et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Persistent PTSD symptoms among adults have been associated with intrapartal events such as cesarean birth and infant complications, as well as pre-birth risk factors of intimate partner violence and depression ( Clout and Brown, 2015 ; Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017b ; Holditch-Davis et al., 2015 ; Kim et al., 2015 ; Ogbonnaya et al., 2013 ; Sumner et al., 2012 ). Dikmen-Yildiz et al. (2017b) found the most robust predictor of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) at six months postpartum was earlier PTSS at 4–6 weeks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms among adolescents in the extended postpartum period

Anderson

Connolly

2018

Heliyon

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BackgroundAdolescent childbirth continues as a public health concern, and investigation of postpartum posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depression is important to inform future research and practice. Longitudinal studies exploring PTSS alone or in combination with depression are non-existent for postpartum adolescent populations. This study aimed to identify stress/PTSS and depression symptoms at 72 hours and three, six, and nine months postpartum, and determine if symptoms at each time point predicted later symptoms.MethodsA convenience sample of 303 adolescents 13–19 years of age were recruited from two postpartum units of one, large, public hospital. The Impact of Event Scale and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Inventory provided a screen of symptoms for stress/PTSS and depression at all time points. A lagged autoregressive model was developed to assess the predictive power of symptoms at each time point to the next across the extended postpartum period.ResultsAbout 30% of adolescents displayed early symptoms; 20% showed symptoms at the final time point. Early symptoms did not predict symptoms at 3 months; yet, symptoms at 3 months predicted symptoms at 6–9 months.LimitationsAttrition at final time points necessitated pooled data. Adolescents were primarily older, Hispanics, and recruited from one public hospital decreasing demographic representation. Use of screening tools prevented diagnostic outcomes. Unknown stressors occurring before and after pregnancy or birth may have influenced final outcomes.ConclusionsEarly symptoms were common and 3 month symptoms predicted later symptoms. For at risk adolescents, a plan for follow-up beyond hospital discharge is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strongly associated with PTSD is depression ( Dikmen-Yildiz et al., 2017a , 2017b ). Depression is a significant risk factor for health consequences among adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms among adolescents in the extended postpartum period

Anderson

Connolly

2018

Heliyon

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Prevalence of Perinatal Anxiety and Related Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Roddy Mitchell,

Gordon,

Atkinson

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceAnxiety disorders are associated with poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are thought to be disproportionally burdened by these disorders, yet their prevalence is unclear.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of 6 anxiety and related disorders among perinatal women in LMICs.Data SourcesEmbase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception until September 7, 2023.Study SelectionStudies conducted in World Bank–defined LMICs and reporting prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, or adjustment disorder during the perinatal period (conception to 12 months post partum) using a validated method were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline. Study eligibility, extracted data, and risk of bias of included studies were assessed by 2 independent reviewers. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled point prevalence. Subgroup analyses were performed by specific anxiety disorder.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMain outcomes were prevalence estimates of each anxiety disorder, measured as percentage point estimates and corresponding 95% CIs.ResultsAt total of 10 617 studies were identified, 203 of which met the inclusion criteria and reported the outcomes of 212 318 women from 33 LMICs. Generalized anxiety disorder was the most reported (184 studies [90.6%]) and most prevalent disorder at 22.2% (95% CI, 19.4%-25.0%; n = 173 553). Posttraumatic stress disorder was the second most prevalent (8.3%; 95% CI, 5.0%-12.2%; 33 studies; n = 22 452). Adjustment disorder was least prevalent (2.9%; 95% CI, 0.0%-14.1%; 2 studies; n = 475). The prevalence of generalized anxiety varied by country income status, with the highest prevalence among lower-middle–income countries (27.6%; 95% CI, 21.6%-33.9%; 59 studies; n = 25 109), followed by low-income (24.0%; 95% CI, 15.3%-33.8%; 11 studies; n = 4961) and upper-middle–income (19.1%; 95% CI, 16.0%-22.4%; 110 studies; n = 138 496) countries.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that 1 in 5 women living in LMICs experience anxiety disorders during pregnancy and post partum. Targeted action is needed to reduce this high burden.

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Prevalence of medically induced psychological trauma and its influence on women's health

Krolak

Keller

Schmidt

et al. 2023

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Objective The aim of the present study was three‐fold. One, to assess the prevalence of medical traumatization in outpatients of a gynecologic department; two, to analyze the relationship of medical traumatization with adverse childhood events; and three, to investigate the extent to which medical traumatization affects the health outcomes of woman. Methods Between January and September 2022, a prospective cross‐sectional study recruited patients of a gynecologic outpatient clinic at St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital in Switzerland. Medical trauma was a self‐reported item. The presence of adverse childhood events was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The severity of post‐traumatic stress was evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale Revised questionnaire. Results In total, 227 patients were recruited. Medical trauma was reported by 20% of the interviewees and it was strongly associated with obesity (A = 0.005). Undergoing surgery was most commonly the source of psychological distress (5.7%) followed by delivery (4.8%), pregnancy loss (4.8%), and cancer diagnosis (4.0%). Yet, fewer than 1% of the patients reached the threshold suggesting post‐traumatic stress disorder. Conclusions We found no relationship between the medical trauma, adverse childhood events, cardiovascular disease, or substance abuse. The presence of medical trauma was associated with the patient's body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters).

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Factors associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) 4–6 weeks and 6 months after birth: A longitudinal population-based study

Abstract: Associated risk factors may help to identify women at risk of PTSS after birth and to inform targeted early intervention.

Cited by 55 publications

References 56 publications

Predicting posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms among adolescents in the extended postpartum period

Predicting posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms among adolescents in the extended postpartum period

Prevalence of Perinatal Anxiety and Related Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Prevalence of medically induced psychological trauma and its influence on women's health

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