Factors Associated with Periodontitis in Younger Individuals: A Scoping Review

Hung, Man; Kelly, Roah; Mohajeri, Amir; Reese, Logan; Badawi, Sarah; Frost, Cole; Sevathas, Taroniar; Lipsky, Martin S.

doi:10.3390/jcm12206442

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…The main risk factors for periodontal disease are poor oral hygiene and tobacco use. The origin of periodontitis is multifactorial and involves multiple component causes, genetics, epigenetic influences, and modifiable factors such as environmental factors, habits, and medications that establish and propagate periodontitis lesions [5,6]. The appearance of dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiome triggers an inflammatory response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on the Concentration and Level of MRP-8/14 (Calprotectin) as an Inflammatory Biomarker in Women with Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Popoca-Hernández,

Martínez-Martínez,

González-Amaro

et al. 2024

Diseases

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of non-surgical periodontal treatment (NS-PT) on periodontal parameters and inflammatory biomarkers in the concentration and level of calprotectin (CLP) in women with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this quasi-experimental study, we evaluated 30 women (mean age: 52.0 ± 5.8 years) with periodontitis and RA who had been diagnosed and treated for RA for more than 3 years and whose activity markers remained at similar values without significant reduction over three consecutive months. Patients underwent NS-PT, which included plaque control, scaling, and root planing. Serum and saliva samples, periodontal indices, RA activity markers, Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and the C-reactive protein (CRP) and CLP contents were measured at the beginning of the study and 6 and 12 weeks after NS-PT. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used in the analysis. The mean age was 52.0 ± 5.8 years. Compared to the baseline results, all periodontal indices were significantly reduced 6 and 12 weeks after NS-PT (p < 0.001). DAS28 was also significantly reduced after 12 weeks (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the serum CLP concentration decreased 6 and 12 weeks after NS-PT (p < 0.0001). Of the patients, 100% presented lower levels of CRP and ESR (p < 0.0001). Overall, NS-PT reduced inflammation and disease activity, highlighting the importance of oral health in the control and treatment of systemic diseases such as RA and confirming that NS-PT effectively reduces periodontitis activity and plays a key role in modulating RA activity. Therefore, NS-PT should be considered as an adjunct treatment for RA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on the Concentration and Level of MRP-8/14 (Calprotectin) as an Inflammatory Biomarker in Women with Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Popoca-Hernández,

Martínez-Martínez,

González-Amaro

et al. 2024

Diseases

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Clinical outcomes and risk factor analysis of dental implants inserted with lateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A 3‐ to 8‐year retrospective study

Zhang,

Zhou,

Jiang

et al. 2024

J Clinic Periodontology

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AimTo evaluate the 3‐ to 8‐year outcomes of dental implants placed with lateral sinus floor augmentation (LSFA) and to identify factors affecting implant survival.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study was performed by screening all implants placed with LSFA procedures, which were conducted between January 2012 and December 2016. Subantral bone gain (SABG) and apical bone height (ABH) were assessed using panoramic radiographs. The cumulative survival rate of implants was analysed using life‐table analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. The influential risk factors affecting survival were assessed using univariate log‐rank tests and multivariable mixture cure rate model. Implant complications were recorded.ResultsBased on the established criteria, a total of 449 patients (760 implants) were included in this study. In the 3‐ to 8‐year follow‐up (mean ± SD, 5.81 ± 1.33 years), 15 implants in 14 patients failed, with a CRS of 96.81% on an implant basis and 95.07% on a patient basis. A history of periodontitis and poor compliance with supportive periodontal treatment was associated with a significantly higher risk of implant failure at both implant and patient levels. Significant decreases in ABH occurred during each yearly interval except for 3 years. A similar trend has been observed for SABG at 1, 2, 6 and 8 years. The total complication rate was 31.84% on implant basis, with peri‐implant mucositis (21.58%) being the most frequent biologic complication and porcelain cracking (5.00%) being the most common technical complication.ConclusionsImplant with LSFA is a reliable treatment option in atrophic maxilla. A history of periodontitis without regular supportive periodontal treatment was identified as a predictor for implant failure. Slight but significant shrinkage of vertically augmented bone can be observed after implant placement.

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Role of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Periodontitis: A Bidirectional Relationship

Vegda,

Patel,

Girdhar

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and periodontitis share common risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and dyslipidemia, which contribute to systemic inflammation. It has been suggested that a bidirectional relationship exists between NAFLD and periodontitis, indicating that one condition may exacerbate the other. NAFLD is characterized by excessive fat deposition in the liver and is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. There are several risk factors for the development of NAFLD, including gender, geriatric community, race, ethnicity, poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation, physical activity, nutritional status, dysbiosis gut microbiota, increased oxidative stress, overweight, obesity, higher body mass index (BMI), IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia), and sarcopenia (decreased skeletal muscle mass). This systemic inflammation can contribute to the progression of periodontitis by impairing immune responses and exacerbating the inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues. Furthermore, individuals with NAFLD often exhibit altered lipid metabolism, which may affect oral microbiota composition, leading to dysbiosis and increased susceptibility to periodontal disease. Conversely, periodontitis has been linked to the progression of NAFLD through mechanisms involving systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic periodontal inflammation can release pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins into the bloodstream, contributing to liver inflammation and exacerbating hepatic steatosis. Moreover, periodontitis-induced oxidative stress may promote hepatic lipid accumulation and IR, further aggravating NAFLD. The interplay between NAFLD and periodontitis underscores the importance of comprehensive management strategies targeting both conditions. Lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and proper oral hygiene practices are crucial for preventing and managing these interconnected diseases. Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration between hepatologists and periodontists is essential for optimizing patient care and improving outcomes in individuals with NAFLD and periodontitis.

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Factors Associated with Periodontitis in Younger Individuals: A Scoping Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Impact of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on the Concentration and Level of MRP-8/14 (Calprotectin) as an Inflammatory Biomarker in Women with Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Impact of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on the Concentration and Level of MRP-8/14 (Calprotectin) as an Inflammatory Biomarker in Women with Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Clinical outcomes and risk factor analysis of dental implants inserted with lateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A 3‐ to 8‐year retrospective study

Role of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Periodontitis: A Bidirectional Relationship

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