Factors associated with mortality, length of hospital stay and diagnosis of COVID-19: Data from a field hospital

Sousa, Vanessa da Costa; Silva, Mayara Calixto da; Mello, Matheus Pereira de; Guimarães, João Antônio Matheus; Perini, Jamila Alessandra

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2022.06.010

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Meanwhile, more aggressive use of Paxlovid antiviral therapy in patients with high-risk factors, including advanced age and having high risk, may also lead to selection bias and thus outcome differences. This is similar to the study by Sun et al which noted that immunosuppressed patients were treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir ( da Costa Sousa et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A retrospective analysis of factors associated with the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients treated with Nirmatrelvir / Ritonavir

Zheng

Hong²,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Objectives: This study reviewed factors influencing the length of hospital stay in adult inpatients with confirmed Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) who were treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir.Methods: We did a retrospective analysis of data from a cohort of inpatients with confirmed diagnosis of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection who were treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir. We included patients who were treated from 13th March 2022 to 6th May 2022 in various in-patient treatment units in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China. The primary study outcome was the length of hospital stay. Secondary study outcome was viral elimination defined as negative for ORF1ab and N genes [cycle threshold (Ct) value ≥35 in real-time PCR], according to local guidelines. Hazard ratios (HR) of event outcomes were analyzed using Multivariate Cox regression models.Results: We studied 31 inpatients with high risk for severe COVID-19 who were treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir. We found that inpatients with shorter length of hospital stay (≤17 days) were mostly females with lower body mass index (BMI) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) index. Their treatment regimen with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir was started within 5 days of diagnosis (p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression indicated that inpatients starting treatment of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir within 5 days had a shorter length of hospital stay (HR 3.573, p = 0.004) and had a faster clearance of viral load (HR 2.755, p = 0.043).Conclusion: This study assumes relevance during the Omicron BA.2 epidemic as our findings suggest that early treatment with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir within 5 days of diagnosis (≤5 days) was highly effective in shortening the length of hospital stay and faster viral load clearance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A retrospective analysis of factors associated with the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients treated with Nirmatrelvir / Ritonavir

Zheng

Hong²,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Studies also reported that comorbidities diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases can also affect the COVID-19 prognosis (21). In line with the present study, some studies showed a significant relationship between COVID-19 severity and comorbidities (24,33). Researchers in Kenya reported that diabetes and hypertension are the most common diseases among COVID-19 inpatients (34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Relationship Between Smoking and the COVID-19 Infection Outcome Among Hospitalized Patients

et al. 2022

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Background: Smoking is one of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk factors, and smoking patients experience greater respiratory complications than non-smokers do. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking and the COVID-19 infection outcome in southern Iran using data from COVID-19 inpatients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study used the data of 3548 COVID-19 inpatients recorded in 22 hospitals of Hormozgan province from February 2020 to May 2021. The smoking status of COVID-19 patients was separately analyzed based on treatment received during hospitalization with grade 4 (death) and grade 0 (no oxygen intake) using multiple logistic regression. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS version 9.1. Results: The average length of stay upon admission was six days. Among men, former smokers had an increased risk of grades 3 and 4 based on age (OR: 1.31) and date of admission (OR: 1.45(. Among women with a history of former smoking, increased risks were observed in those with grades 3 and 4 for age (OR: 1.74) and date of admission (OR: 1.59). In the current male smokers, there was no significant increased risk of grade 3 and grade 4, but the current female smokers had an increased risk of grades 3 and 4. Conclusion: The present study indicated that being a former smoker, having old age, being male gender, and having a co-morbidity were associated with a high risk of severe COVID-19. The risk of severe disease increased significantly in the presence of certain diseases, which indicates the need for continuous examination and monitoring of patients with comorbidities.

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“…In a prospective cohort from Italy, age, male gender, a high CCI, and high white blood cell count and creatinine level were associated with mortality 14 . Independent of the index score, pulmonary involvement and a diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes influence disease severity 15,16 . The ability of the CCI to predict disease severity has been researched in several trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Independent of the index score, pulmonary involvement and a diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes influence disease severity. 15,16 The ability of the CCI to predict disease severity has been researched in several trials. In a meta-analysis, a per-point increase in the CCI score was associated with a 16% increase in mortality.…”

Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of risk scores as predictors of mortality and hospital length of stay for older COVID‐19 patients

2023

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Three years after the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 , more than 500 million confirmed cases and more than 6 million deaths have been reported worldwide. 1 Immunodeficiency syndromes, comorbidities, frailty, and advanced age are risk factors for severe disease and mortality. 2 The case fatality rate has been reported as 8% in patients aged 70-79 years and 15% in those ≥80 years. 3 Initial clinical symptoms and key biochemical parameters have been associated with disease severity. Lymphopenia, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and D-dimer have been reported as useful mortality markers. 4 The MuLBSTA risk score, which considers multilobular infiltration, hypo-lymphocytosis, bacterial co-infection, smoking history, hypertension, and age, was developed for patients with viral pneumonia in the pre-COVID period. 5 The sensitivity of this score has since been demonstrated for patients with COVID-19, with a cutoff

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Factors associated with mortality, length of hospital stay and diagnosis of COVID-19: Data from a field hospital

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

A retrospective analysis of factors associated with the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients treated with Nirmatrelvir / Ritonavir

A retrospective analysis of factors associated with the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients treated with Nirmatrelvir / Ritonavir

Relationship Between Smoking and the COVID-19 Infection Outcome Among Hospitalized Patients

Evaluation of risk scores as predictors of mortality and hospital length of stay for older COVID‐19 patients

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