Factors Associated with Missed Vaccination during Mass Immunization Campaigns

Abstract

Achieving a high percentage of vaccination coverage with polio vaccine, while necessary, is not sufficient to eliminate or eradicate polio. The existence of pockets of under-vaccinated children has allowed outbreaks of polio in countries that have achieved high levels of vaccination coverage and in countries with no cases for many years. In a literature review, 35 articles were identified that described factors associated with missed vaccination in mass immunization campaigns. An annotated bibliography was developed for each article; these were then coded using the AnSWR program, and codes were organized into three larger thematic categories. These thematic areas were: (a) organization and implementation of mass campaigns; (b) population characteristics; and (c) knowledge and practices of caretakers. If these factors were geographically clustered, it was suspected that these clusters might have higher likelihood of becoming pockets of unvaccinated children. Immunization programme managers can target resources to identify if such clusters exist. If so, they can then ensure supervision of vaccination efforts in those sites and take further action, if indicated, to prevent or mitigate pockets of unvaccinated children.

How Parents' Negative Experiences at Immunization Visits Affect Child Immunization Status in a Community in New York City

“…A medical home is a comprehensive approach to medical care with seven key elements: accessible, family-centered, continuous, comprehensive, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective care. 3 Although studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have identified many factors associated with underimmunization, including satisfaction, 1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] relatively little is known about how previous immunization experiences shape immunization patterns. While it is expected that children with strong medical homes will return regularly for well-child visits, completing their immunizations on time, we do not know what aspect of the medical home might be most influential in supporting this process.…”

Participação em dias nacionais de vacinação contra poliomielite: resultados de inquérito de cobertura vacinal em crianças nas 27 capitais brasileiras

“…Although some of the reasons for nonparticipation in the most recent NIDs were similar to those identified in other countries (for example, lack of information about the campaign and operational issues) [12,17,18], the main reasons given for nonparticipation suggested that parents of children who were not vaccinated in NIDs did not value the campaign or felt that the child's participation was unnecessary. These opinions may have been influenced by advice from health professionals.…”

Polio in Pakistan: Social constraints and travel implications

“…A more thorough field study on the role of social factors can help in the design of better policies. Factors such as gender, caste, and wealth should also be investigated and addressed [26,45].…”

“…Since 9/11, Pakistan has been facing a critical threat to its security. Rising insurgency in the tribal areas of KPK have caused the armed forces to retaliate [26]. Extremist groups in KPK have fragmented into many subgroups, leading to many terrorist activities in almost all major parts of the country.…”

“…A possible correlation was found between ignorance and a lower possibility of mothers opening their doors to unknown visitors for vaccination [7]. Minorities, refugees, and the neglected and mobile segments of the population are also not aware of the significance of vaccination [26,29].…”