Factors associated with leisure time physical activity among ELSA-Brasil participants: Ecological model

Abstract

The main objective of the study was identify the prevalence and factors associated with leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in adult participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). The LTPA was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), long version. A hierarchical ecological model was built with the possible factors associated with LTPA distributed across blocks. We estimated crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using logistic regression. In men, being more educated, having a high family income, living in environments with conditions and opportunities for PA, being retired and being overweight were positively associated, while current smoking, obesity and abdominal obesity were associated negatively with the LTPA. Among women, being over 60years old, being more educated, having a high family income, living in an environment with conditions and opportunities for PA practice and being retired were positively associated, while being overweight, obese and having abdominal obesity were associated negatively with the LTPA. The proposed ecological model explains the LTPA through the social, physical and personal environment and highlights gender differences in physical activity.

Gender and psychosocial factors associated with healthy lifestyle in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort: a cross-sectional study

“…In ELSA-Brasil, this association was observed with respect to practising recreational physical activity. 36 The results of this study confirm that retirement status and age independently lead to improvements in lifestyle. Possibly, advancing age induces a greater awareness of the importance of promoting health and preventing disease for those who want to be active and healthy as they grow older.…”

Factors associated with sedentary behavior among ELSA-Brasil participants: ecological model

“…The prevalence of SB among participants of the ELSA-Brasil, 23.7% in men and 22.7% in women were minor than those observed in studies conducted in Germany 19 , 36.1% in men and 24.5% in women. In addition it was observed that men spend more sitting time at the weekend (10.4%) than women (6.7%), although they do more leisure-time physical 13 thatis, it is possible that the sitting time that the women do not have at the weekend is due to the inadequate division of tasks at the domestic level that overloads them. It is noteworthy that in the study conducted in Germany SB was considered with the cutoff point> 6 hours of sitting time.…”

“…The schooling was classified in incomplete elementar, complete elementar, high-school and college. The weekly consumption of beer was classified in " < 1500 ml" = 0 or "≥ 1500 ml" = 1; and the current smoking was classified in "no" = 0 and "yes" = 1 SB was the dependent variable, while the independent variables were grouped into blocks from an adapted theoretical ecological model 13,18 : the social demographic environment (age and level of education); the behavioral environment (leisure time physical activity, commuting physical activity, beer consumption, current smoking); and biological environment (overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity).…”

“…The prevalence of SB by RC and the strata of each independent varia-ble were presented as frequencies with their respective 95% confidence intervals. We estimated crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using logistic regression from the adapted theoretical model 13,18 to discriminate against potential associated factors of hierarchical levels (Figure 1). The strategy used for the entry of variable blocks was the forward method in the following order: distal blocks (socio-demographic variables), intermediate blocks (behavioral variables) and proximal block (biological variables).…”

“…SB identification in adults using an ecological model to summarize the different levels of the socio demographic, behavioral and biological environment can provide important information for planning and implementing public policies to reduce sedentary behavior in specific population groups. Within the scope of ELSA-Brasil, in which the study population is composed of individuals with predominantly sedentary activities, and only 33.8% of women and 44.1% of men reported leisure time physical activity at baseline 13 , the investigation of this topic may add knowledge to the theme that has not yet been explored.…”