Factors associated with HIV infection among Yi minority residents in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate HIV prevalence among residents of Liangshan Prefecture through HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS) data over the period from 2010 to 2016, and investigate risk factors for HIV infection in this population and interactions among them.Two sites (Dechang and Ningnan counties) with majority-Han populations, and 1 site (Butuo) with a majority-Yi population were selected. We used questionnaires to investigate residents’ demographic and behavioral characteristics from 2010 to 2016, and performed HIV testing. Multivariate logistic regression and path analysis were undertaken to investigate the interactions and mediating effects among significant risk factors for HIV infection.A total of 5403 community residents in the Yi area and 10,897 community residents in the Han areas were enrolled. HIV prevalence in the Yi area was consistently high, ranging from 9.46% (63/666, 2011) to 2.88% (23/798, 2012) over the period from 2010 to 2016. HIV prevalence in the Han areas ranged from 0.15% (2/1333, 2010) to 0.44% (7/1604, 2011) over the same period. Multivariate logistic regression showed that unprotected casual sexual behavior, male gender, illiteracy, drug use, and injection drug use were positively associated with HIV infection risk in the Yi area. Path analysis of the risk factors revealed that casual sexual behavior (0.051) and injection drug use (0.161) were directly associated with HIV infection. However, marital status (0.004), ethnicity (0.017), education level (−0.004), HIV/AIDS-related prevention knowledge (−0.012), and drug use (0.11) had an indirect influence on HIV infection through casual sexual behavior and injection drug use.The prevalence of HIV is high among residents of majority-Yi areas, and injection drug use and casual sexual behavior are risk factors for infection.

Ability to Cope by Family Caregivers of People Living With HIV in the Yi Population in Liangshan Prefecture: A Cross-sectional Study

“…The mechanisms underlying HIV are complex, and the symptoms are changeable. However, consistent with the previous studies (Yang et al, 2017; Yang et al, 2018), our results showed that most Yi family caregivers with a lower education level, most of them were illiterate. Limited educational levels could have led to a lack of HIV knowledge (Hoang et al, 2019), and caregivers could have relied on care experience that was accumulated gradually during the process of caring for PLWH.…”

Survey of Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Network Analysis Among HIV Patients in a High Drug-Use Area of Southwest China

“…However, the resistance rate was lower than those in Kenya and Mexico, where PDR rates were reported to be 21.9% and 15.5% [ 46 , 47 ], respectively. Many factors, including poor compliance with medication and lack of testing for baseline resistance [ 48 , 49 ], may be among the major reasons for the increase in PDR in Liangshan. Several studies have shown that HIV-1-infected individuals with drug resistance can affect treatment responses to first-line ARV therapies [ 35 , 50 - 52 ].…”

Consistent condom use among men who pay for sex in sub-Saharan Africa: Empirical evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

“…Globally, research on condom use among men has mainly been conducted in Asian countries such as Cambodia [ 19 ], China [ 20 , 21 ], India [ 22 – 24 ], Singapore [ 25 ], Indonesia [ 26 ], with a few focusing on Middle East [ 1 ] and Africa [ 27 , 28 ]. Generally, such studies have revealed the predictors of consistent condom use among homosexual males [ 19 , 27 , 29 ], young dating adults [ 30 ], and men who patronize paid sex [ 22 ].…”