Factors Associated With Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Children

Chaudhary, Sakshi; Firdaus, Uzma; Ali, Syed S.; Mahdi, Abbas Ali

doi:10.1007/s13312-018-1225-4

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…2016), forcing the GBD to rely on data derived from exposure to leaded gasoline, likely leading to biased estimates where other routes and sources of exposure are not considered (i.e., food, water, occupational exposures). An example is India, which phased lead out of gasoline in 2000, but recent data indicate continuing high levels of B-Pb in children (Chaudhary et al. 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving and Expanding Estimates of the Global Burden of Disease Due to Environmental Health Risk Factors

Shaffer

Sellers

Baker

et al. 2019

Environ Health Perspect

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Background:The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, coordinated by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), produces influential, data-driven estimates of the burden of disease and premature death due to major risk factors. Expanded quantification of disease due to environmental health (EH) risk factors, including climate change, will enhance accuracy of GBD estimates, which will contribute to developing cost-effective policies that promote prevention and achieving Sustainable Development Goals.Objectives:We review key aspects of the GBD for the EH community and introduce the Global Burden of Disease–Pollution and Health Initiative (GBD-PHI), which aims to work with IHME and the GBD study to improve estimates of disease burden attributable to EH risk factors and to develop an innovative approach to estimating climate-related disease burden—both current and projected.Methods:We discuss strategies for improving GBD quantification of specific EH risk factors, including air pollution, lead, and climate change. We highlight key methodological challenges, including new EH risk factors, notably evidence rating and global exposure assessment.Discussion:A number of issues present challenges to the scope and accuracy of current GBD estimates for EH risk factors. For air pollution, minimal data exist on the exposure–risk relationships associated with high levels of pollution; epidemiological studies in high pollution regions should be a research priority. For lead, the GBD’s current methods do not fully account for lead’s impact on neurodevelopment; innovative methods to account for subclinical effects are needed. Decisions on inclusion of additional EH risk–outcome pairs need to be guided by findings of systematic reviews, the size of exposed populations, feasibility of global exposure estimates, and predicted trends in exposures and diseases. Neurotoxicants, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and climate-related factors should be high priorities for incorporation into upcoming iterations of the GBD study. Enhancing the scope and methods will improve the GBD’s estimates and better guide prevention policy. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5496

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving and Expanding Estimates of the Global Burden of Disease Due to Environmental Health Risk Factors

Shaffer

Sellers

Baker

et al. 2019

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Kolkata rainwater meets the Indian and the WHO standards for drinking water, while the concentrations of toxic metals such as Pb and Ni of river and groundwater are higher than the guideline values. Pb is long known to affect physical or mental development in infant and children and causes high blood pressure and kidney problems in adults [15,20]. Ni is a well-known human carcinogen that affects the activity of α-tocopherol, the most common lipid soluble antioxidant in human body [58].…”

Section: Comparison Of Precipitation Chemistry With Groundwater and Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace metal composition of rainwater and aerosol from Kolkata, a megacity in eastern India

et al. 2020

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India is one of the world's wettest countries receiving over 1000 mm of rainfall annually and also one of the countries experiencing regular floods and droughts. This study quantifies elemental composition of rainwater and aerosol collected simultaneously during 2019 monsoon season from Kolkata, a megacity in Eastern India marred by air pollution to understand sources and estimate wet deposition flux. Elemental composition (Na,

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“…Symptoms include abdominal pain, confusion, headache, anemia, irritability, and in severe cases, seizures, coma, and death. 2 – 5 With deleterious effects on all organs in the human body, lead poisoning is widely recognized as a major public health problem globally. Children and women are particularly vulnerable to lead poisoning, especially in developing countries.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%