Factors Associated With Daytime Sleep in Nursing Home Residents

Abstract

A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the occurrence of daytime sleep (DS) and to examine factors associated with DS in nursing home residents. We used the Minimum Data Set 2.0 records of 300 residents in a nursing home from January 2005 to March 2010. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square, Pearson correlations, and logistic regression were utilized in analysis. About 71.3% of the residents slept more than 2 hours during the day, and this was significantly associated with residents' comorbidity (t ¼ 2.0, p ¼ .04), cognitive performance (t ¼ 7.3, p ¼ .01), activities of daily living (t ¼ 3.7, p ¼ .01), and social involvement (t ¼ -7.6, p ¼ .01). Cognitive performance and social involvement significantly predicted the occurrence of DS with social involvement being the strongest predictor (odds ratio: .58; 95% confidence interval: [.45, .75

Afternoon Napping and Cognition in Chinese Older Adults: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Baseline Assessment

“…Even in studies that examined daytime sleep and cognition in older adults, napping was not assessed as a primary variable . Most studies categorized the study sample into two groups, such as nappers versus non‐nappers or napping less than 2 hours versus longer than 2 hours . There was thus a need for studies to examine the association between cognition and naps of different duration.…”

“…For example, an epidemiological study in older women showed that objectively measured (actigraphy) napping for longer than 2 hours, as determined using actigraphy, was associated with greater risk of cognitive impairment . Prior studies also found that extended napping was associated with worse cognition . A longitudinal study found that napping for less than 1 hour and longer than 1 hour were negatively associated with incidence of cognitive impairment at 2‐year follow up after adjusting for multiple confounders.…”

“…Cognitive impairment significantly increases the risk of functional dependence and poor quality of life in older adults . Current research has focused on the prevention or delay of cognitive decline through risk factor identification and modification, with growing interest in the role of sleep behaviors, such as the optimal duration of sleep and napping . The prevalence of habitual daytime napping ranges from 22% to 69% in older adults around the world, which is significantly higher than in younger individuals .…”

“…1,2 Current research has focused on the prevention or delay of cognitive decline through risk factor identification and modification, with growing interest in the role of sleep behaviors, such as the optimal duration of sleep and napping. [3][4][5] The prevalence of habitual daytime napping ranges from 22% to 69% in older adults around the world, which is significantly higher than in younger individuals. [6][7][8][9] Habitual afternoon napping, such as routinely taking a nap after lunch, is prevalent in Chinese older adults and is considered part of a healthy lifestyle from a cultural perspective.…”

Sleep Among Long-Term Care Residents in China: A Narrative Review of Literature

“…Sleep disturbances are even more common in LTC residents and are often attributed to a high burden of comorbidities, lifestyle, and environmental factors (Lorenz, Harris, & Richards, 2011). For example, older adults living in LTC settings often have decreased physical activity, limited social interaction, minimal daylight exposure, and poor sleep hygiene (Li, Chang, & Porock, 2015). …”