Factors associated with childhood diarrhea in Rwanda: a secondary data analysis of the Rwanda demographic and health survey 2014-15

Tuyizere, Malachie; Nyandwi, Theogene; Habimana, Amos; Munyanshongore, Cyprien

doi:10.4314/rjmhs.v2i3.4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…The three major forms of diarrhea include (i) the acute watery diarrhea characterized by dehydration; (ii) persistent diarrhea lasting for more than two weeks and associated with poor absorption, loss of nutrients, and wasting; and (iii) bloody diarrhea caused by poisons, pathogens, drugs, or acute inflammations, leading to intestinal damage [4]. In Rwanda, despite efforts in preventing childhood diarrheal deaths through rotavirus immunization and making health sector reforms, diarrhea ranks as the third cause of childhood morbidity and mortality [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotany, Ethnopharmacology, and Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Human Diarrheal Cases in Rwanda: A Review

et al. 2021

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Diarrhea, often caused by microorganisms, has been associated with high morbidity and mortality in Africa. Increased rates of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens have reignited the quest for alternative therapies. This review aimed at identifying medicinal plants used in the treatment of human diarrheal cases in Rwanda and analyzing their ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry. We searched PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the Web of Science for published articles on medicinal plants used to treat diarrhea in Rwanda. Additionally, specialized herbarium documents of different institutes were reviewed. Articles were assessed for relevance, quality, and taxonomical accuracy before being included in this review. Overall, 63 species of medicinal plants belonging to 35 families were recorded. Asteraceae was the predominant family with six species, followed by Fabaceae and Lamiaceae, with five species each. The most reported species with anti-diarrheal properties were Vernonia amygdalina Delile, Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd, Clerodendrum myricoides R. Br., and Chenopodium ugandae (Aellen) Aellen. Leaves (66.7%) and roots (17.5%) were the commonly used plant parts in the preparation of medicine. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants with antidiarrheic activities were sesquiterpene lactones (V. amygdalina); terpene, sterols, saponosides, and flavonoids (C. ugandae); saponins and tannins (T. riparia); and tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids (C. myricoides). Six studies tested the antimicrobial activities of the plants against bacteria and viruses known to cause diarrhea. Erythrina abyssinica, Euphorbia tirucalli, Dracaena afromontana, and Ficus thonningii are socio-culturally important. Further research on toxicity and posology is needed to ensure the safety of medicinal plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotany, Ethnopharmacology, and Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Human Diarrheal Cases in Rwanda: A Review

et al. 2021

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Predictive modeling and socioeconomic determinants of diarrhea in children under five in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Kassaw,

Alebachew Muluneh,

Assefa

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundDiarrheal disease, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, continues to be a serious public health concern, especially in developing nations such as Ethiopia. The significant burden it imposes on these countries underscores the importance of identifying predictors of diarrhea. The use of machine learning techniques to identify significant predictors of diarrhea in children under the age of 5 in Ethiopia’s Amhara Region is not well documented. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify these issues.MethodsThis study’s data have been extracted from the Ethiopian Population and Health Survey. We have applied machine learning ensemble classifier models such as random forests, logistic regression, K-nearest neighbors, decision trees, support vector machines, gradient boosting, and naive Bayes models to predict the determinants of diarrhea in children under the age of 5 in Ethiopia. Finally, Shapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) value analysis was performed to predict diarrhea.ResultAmong the seven models used, the random forest algorithm showed the highest accuracy in predicting diarrheal disease with an accuracy rate of 81.03% and an area under the curve of 86.50%. The following factors were investigated: families who had richest wealth status (log odd of −0.04), children without a history of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) (log odd of −0.08), mothers who did not have a job (log odd of −0.04), children aged between 23 and 36 months (log odd of −0.03), mothers with higher education (log odds ratio of −0.03), urban dwellers (log odd of −0.01), families using electricity as cooking material (log odd of −0.12), children under 5 years of age living in the Amhara region of Ethiopia who did not show signs of wasting, children under 5 years of age who had not taken medications for intestinal parasites unlike their peers and who showed a significant association with diarrheal disease.ConclusionWe recommend implementing programs to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in children under the age of 5 in the Amhara region. These programs should focus on removing socioeconomic barriers that impede mothers’ access to wealth, a favorable work environment, cooking fuel, education, and healthcare for their children.

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Factors associated with childhood diarrhea in Rwanda: a secondary data analysis of the Rwanda demographic and health survey 2014-15

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Ethnobotany, Ethnopharmacology, and Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Human Diarrheal Cases in Rwanda: A Review

Ethnobotany, Ethnopharmacology, and Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Human Diarrheal Cases in Rwanda: A Review

Predictive modeling and socioeconomic determinants of diarrhea in children under five in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia

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