Factors Associated With Changes in Patient-Centered Care in Undergraduate Nursing Students

Abstract

AIM The purpose of this study was to examine active listening, self-awareness, and empathy and how they relate to changes in patient-centered care (PCC) in undergraduate nursing students. BACKGROUND PCC is associated with better patient outcomes, but the level of PCC has been found to be low in nursing students. METHOD This secondary analysis used baseline and follow-up data at two time points from 50 undergraduate nursing students. RESULTS Changes in self-awareness were associated with changes in PCC directly (Follow-Up 1) or directly and indirectly through the effects on changes in empathy (Follow-Up 2), controlling for age, experience, and intervention. Changes in active listening were associated with changes in PCC only indirectly through the effect on changes in empathy only at Follow-Up 2. CONCLUSION Changes in self-awareness and active listening need to be the first targets of interventions to improve PCC in undergraduate nursing students.