Factors Affecting Yield in Apple, with Emphasis on ‘Delicious’

Dennis, F. G.

doi:10.1002/9781118060742.ch10

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Once the minimum number of required chill units is achieved, appropriate temperatures are needed to raise the swelling and germination of buds (Melgarejo, 1996). Also, phenology is influenced by variables such as temperature (Weinberger, 1956;Browning & Miller, 1992;Rodrigo & Herrero, 2002), wind (Dennis, 1979), frost (Rodrigo, 2000), rain and relative humidity (Gradziel & Weinbaum, 1999). In addition to the genetic characteristics of different cultivars, there are other factors that affect the phenology of flowering such as the type of fertilization (Williams, 1965), the age of the trees or branches (Robbie & Atkison, 1994) and even the orientation of the branches (Robbie et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Arroyo

Jiménez-Bocanegra

García-Galavís

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The growth, phenology and fruit yield of 14 Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina Lindl) were studied in two newly established experimental orchards under organic and conventional management. The experiment was conducted during 2005-2011 in the province of Seville (SW Spain), an important region of Japanese plum culture. Trunk crosssection areas (TCSA), flowering, yield and tree defoliation before winter dormancy were analysed over several years. After one year, TCSA were larger in the organically managed orchard (OMO) for most of the cultivars, in the next two years they were equal, and from the fourth year, several cultivars showed significantly larger TCSA in the conventionally managed orchard (CMO). Flowering in the conventional orchard started from 2 to 6 days before and lasted for 3 to 5 days more than in the OMO. Several cultivars produced significantly more fruit in the CMO, being the average fruit yield in the organic orchard about 72% of the conventionally managed orchard. Autumn defoliation was significantly advanced in the organic orchard, especially in cultivars highly susceptible to rust (Tranzschelia pruni spinosae), a disease not adequately controlled in the organic orchard.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Arroyo

Jiménez-Bocanegra

García-Galavís

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…In our experiments, we tested PAW applications on the efficiency of fruit crop setting. The fruitset from free pollination depends on many factors, among them are pollinating insect efficiency, weather (during fruit bud formation and bloom), and winter hardiness [ 41 ]. Therefore, it was necessary to take into account high precipitation levels during bloom that accelerated the end of bloom and decreased the pollinator insect efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plasma-Activated Water on Leaf and Fruit Biochemical Composition and Scion Growth in Apple

Кузин

Solovchenko²,

Khort³

et al. 2023

Plants

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The application of plasma-activated water (PAW) in agriculture has gained the attention of researchers and practitioners. In particular, treatment with PAW is a promising method for increasing scion and rootstock survival as well as augmenting the mineral nutrition applicable to tree fruit crops. However, the applications of PAW are hampered by the lack of information about the effects of PAW on apple tree condition and yield. The increase in survival rate by PAW is believed to stem from the general stimulation of physiological processes in the plant tissue. To assess the actual effect of the PAW treatments, one needs to consider an important indicator of young tree quality such as their vegetative growth. We conducted field experiments to study the possibility of use of PAW for increase in primary nutrient contents in fruits and leaves in an orchard, as well as to assess the scion survival rate and vegetative growth of young grafts in a nursery. The application of PAW influenced the fruitset, yield, leaf nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), fruit phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) ascorbic acid (AA) and titratable acidity (TA). Treatment with PAW did not significantly reduce the negative impact of the rootstock thickness on the survival rate of bench grafts and their subsequent development. At the same time, scion survival tended to increase in the case when the scions and the rootstocks were of compatible thickness. Further studies of the PAW treatment effects are needed to better understand its applicability in diverse fields of horticulture.

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“…When flowering in early spring, the yield of P. sibirica is reduced when temperatures are low ( Dennis, 1979 ), and promoting the LF trait has become an important breeding objective. In this study, we comprehensive investigated the characterization of floral bud differentiation and found that compared with the NF types, the delay in the initial differentiation stage resulted in delay flowering time in the LF types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Late Flowering in Prunus sibirica by Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Analyses

Bao

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Freezing during the flowering of Prunus sibirica is detrimental to fruit production. The late flowering (LF) type, which is delayed by 7–15 days compared with the normal flowering (NF) type, avoids damages at low temperature, but the molecular mechanism of LF remains unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to comprehensively characterize floral bud differentiation. A histological analysis showed that initial floral bud differentiation was delayed in the LF type compared to the NF type. Genome-wide associated studies (GWAS) showed that a candidate gene (PaF106G0600023738.01) was significantly associated with LF type. It was identified as trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (PsTPPF), which is involved in trehalose-6-phosphate (Tre6P) signaling pathway and acts on floral transition. A whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis was conducted, and a total of 6,110 differential expression (DE) mRNAs, 1,351 DE lncRNAs, and 148 DE miRNAs were identified. In addition, 24 DE mRNAs related with floral transition were predicted, and these involved the following: three interactions between DE lncRNAs and DE mRNAs of photoperiod pathway with two mRNAs (COP1, PaF106G0400018289.01 and CO3, MXLOC_025744) and three lncRNAs (CCLR, LTCONS_00031803, COCLR1, LTCONS_00046726, and COCLR2, LTCONS_00046731); one interaction between DE miRNAs and DE mRNAs with one mRNA, encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (PsTPS1, PaF106G0100001132.01), and one miRNA (miRNA167h). Combined with the expression profiles and Tre6P levels, functions of PsTPPF and PsTPS1 in Tre6P regulation were considered to be associated with flowering time. A new network of ceRNAs correlated with LF was constructed, and it consisted of one mRNA (PsTPS1), one lncRNA (TCLR, LTCONS_00034157), and one miRNA (miR167h). This study provided insight into the molecular regulatory mechanism of LF in Prunus sibirica.

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Factors Affecting Yield in Apple, with Emphasis on ‘Delicious’

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Effects of Plasma-Activated Water on Leaf and Fruit Biochemical Composition and Scion Growth in Apple

Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Late Flowering in Prunus sibirica by Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Analyses

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