Factors affecting the successful implementation of Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in low- and middle-income countries

Mshelia, Suleiman; Blackmore, Chris; Archer, Rachel

doi:10.7189/jogh.10.010322

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) are the two major types of vaccines that protect individuals against poliovirus. Polio is now recognized as the main vaccine-preventable disease after receiving the required attention and support for its complete eradication (Mshelia et al 2020 ). Following the intensive efforts of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), which was launched in 1988 to reach the goal of complete polio eradication, the incidence of this disease was successfully reduced to 99% (Glass et al 2004 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study

Altulayhi¹,

Alqahtani

Alakeel

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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We conducted the current analysis to determine the potential role of polio vaccination in the context of the spread of COVID-19. Data were extracted from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global Health Observatory data repository regarding the polio immunization coverage estimates and correlated to the overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19 among different countries. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.0.2. Mean and standard deviation were used to represent continuous variables while we used frequencies and percentages to represent categorical variables. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for continuous variables since they were not normally distributed. Moreover, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rho) was used to determine the relationship between different variables. There was a significantly positive correlation between the vaccine coverage (%) and both of total cases per one million populations (rho = 0.37; p-value < 0.001) and deaths per one million populations (rho = 0.30; p-value < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between different income groups and each of vaccine coverage (%) (rho = 0.71; p-value < 0.001), total cases per one million populations (rho = 0.50; p-value < 0.001), and deaths per one million populations (rho = 0.39; p-value < 0.001). All claims regarding the possible protective effect of Polio vaccination do not have any support when analyzing the related data. Polio vaccination efforts should be limited to eradicate the disease from endemic countries; however, there is no evidence to support the immunization with live-attenuated vaccines for the protection against COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study

Altulayhi¹,

Alqahtani

Alakeel

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) are the two major types of vaccines that protect individuals against poliovirus. Polio is now recognized as the main vaccine-preventable disease after receiving the required attention and support for its complete eradication (Mshelia et al 2020). Following the intensive efforts of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), which was launched in 1988 to reach the goal of complete polio eradication, the incidence of this disease was successfully reduced to 99% (Glass et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Polio Immunization Coverage and Overall Morbidity and Mortality for COVID-19: An Epidemiological Study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We conducted the current analysis to determine the potential role of polio vaccination in the context of the spread of COVID-19. Data were extracted from the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Health Observatory data repository regarding the polio immunization coverage estimates and correlated to the overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19 among different countries. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.0.2. Mean and standard deviation were used to represent continuous variables while we used frequencies and percentages to represent categorical variables. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for continuous variables since they were not normally distributed. Moreover, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rho) was used to determine the relationship between different variables. There was a significantly positive correlation between the vaccine coverage (%) and both of total cases per one million populations (rho = 0.37; p-value < 0.001) and deaths per one million populations (rho = 0.30; p-value < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between different income groups and each of vaccine coverage (%) (rho = 0.71; p-value < 0.001), total cases per one million populations (rho = 0.50; p-value < 0.001), and deaths per one million populations (rho = 0.39; p-value < 0.001). All claims regarding the possible protective effect of Polio vaccination do not have any support when analyzing the related data. Polio vaccination efforts should be limited to eradicate the disease from endemic countries; however, there is no evidence to support the immunization with live-attenuated vaccines for the protection against COVID-19.

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“…The implementation of polio vaccination and eradication programs has met varying success from the perspectives of countries, regions, or stakeholders, and it can be synthesized to give a broader overview of issues. Specifically, evidence synthesis of the barriers to and facilitators of polio eradication programs improves complex health interventions [2], especially in resource-constrained settings. Numerous researchers have documented implementation factors with regard to polio vaccination and eradication in the literature [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, evidence synthesis of the barriers to and facilitators of polio eradication programs improves complex health interventions [2], especially in resource-constrained settings. Numerous researchers have documented implementation factors with regard to polio vaccination and eradication in the literature [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Systematically reviewing these lessons across nations may be relevant for the formulation and implementation of other vaccination programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last five years, there have been at least two systematic reviews related to polio eradication and vaccination [2,8]. Alonge et al used surveys and key informant interviews in seven countries (i.e., Ethiopia, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Indonesia, India, Bangladesh, and the Democratic Republic of Congo) to synthesize knowledge from polio eradication initiatives and the internal and external contextual factors that may serve as barriers or facilitators to these initiatives [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What are the barriers and facilitators to polio vaccination and eradication programs? A systematic review

Ezezika

Mengistu

Farheen

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Global efforts to eradicate polio by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative agency partners and country-level stakeholders have led to the implementation of global polio vaccination programs. This study presents the findings of existing studies regarding the barriers and facilitators that countries face when implementing polio interventions. A comprehensive search was conducted in OVID Medline, OVID Embase, EBSCO CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science. Eligible studies underwent quality assessment. A qualitative evidence synthesis approach was conducted and aligned to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The search identified 4147 citations, and following the removal of duplicates and screening according to our inclusion/exclusion criteria, 20 articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. Twelve countries were represented in this review, with India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Ethiopia, and Afghanistan having the most representation of available studies. We identified 36 barriers and 16 facilitators. Seven themes emerged from these barriers and facilitators: fear, community trust, infrastructure, beliefs about the intervention, influential opinions, intervention design, and geo-politics. The most frequently cited CFIR constructs for the facilitators and barriers were knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, followed by available resources. This study identified a wide range of barriers and facilitators to polio vaccination implementation across the globe, adding to the scarce body of literature on these barriers and facilitators from an implementation perspective and using a determinant framework. The diversity of factors among different groups of people or countries highlights the relevance of contexts. Implementers should be conversant with the contexts within which polio eradication programs boost intervention coverage and capacity. This study provides policymakers, practitioners, and researchers with a tool for planning and designing polio immunization programs. Trial registration: A protocol for this systematic review was developed and uploaded onto the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews database (Registration number: CRD42020222115).

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Factors affecting the successful implementation of Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in low- and middle-income countries

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study

Correlation between polio immunization coverage and overall morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study

Correlation between Polio Immunization Coverage and Overall Morbidity and Mortality for COVID-19: An Epidemiological Study

What are the barriers and facilitators to polio vaccination and eradication programs? A systematic review

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