Factors affecting the nitrogen status of soils and ground flora in Beech woodlands

Kennedy, Fiona; Pitman, Rona M.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.065

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Subsequently, the CoupModel has been used to predict the tree-specific leaching of NO 3 -N as a function of the water balance. As previously shown by Kennedy and Pitman (2004), NO 3 concentrations below the root zone in British soils have been successfully explained by differences in soil water contents and water balance.…”

Section: Element Leachingsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…However, the actual observed concentrations are roughly 10 times higher (Table 5), which indicates that other inputs than TF are responsible for the actual concentrations. This is in contrast to Kennedy and Pitman (2004). A NO 3 -N enrichment is not seen for the N. spruce stand, which indicates that part of the added N from TF is taken up during downward transport.…”

Section: Element Leachingmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Modelling water balance and nitrate leaching in temperate Norway spruce and beech forests located on the same soil type with the CoupModel

Christiansen

Elberling

Jansson

2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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Two contrasting forest ecosystems located in close proximity to each other were selected for evaluating the importance of tree species and afforestation in relation to the water balance and the quality of the water leaving the forest root zone. Measurements included soil water content and the collection of precipitation, canopy throughfall, stem flow and soil solution on a weekly basis during 15 months (1999)(2000). Soil solutions were extracted using suction probes installed at all major horizons within the upper 120 cm of a Norway spruce (N. spruce) stand (Picea Abies [L.] Karst.) and a European beech stand (Fagus Sylvatica L.) located on the same soil type. Soil solutions were analyzed for the content of all major ions, including nitrate. A water balance model (CoupModel) was used to estimate percolation rates beneath the root zone. Percolation at the beech stand was 292 mm and only 41 mm at the N. spruce stand mainly due to differences in the interception loss. The highest annual leaching of Mg, K, Na, Al, Cl, SO 4 -S was noted in the N. spruce stand while leaching of NO 3 -N was highest in the beech stand, corresponding to 39 kg ha À1 year À1 . By contrast, the annual leaching of NO 3 -N in the N. spruce stand was only 0.5 kg ha À1 year À1 . The larger amount of NO 3 -N was leaving the beech forest soil despite the fact that the N. spruce stand had the highest atmospheric N-deposition. Thus, differences in NO 3 -N leaching between the stands must be related to differences in uptake and accumulation of N in the vegetation and within the upper 120 cm of the soil. Differences in the water balance and NO 3 -N leaching between beech and N. spruce stands call for further attention to the selection of tree-species on a soil type basis when planning future afforestation projects, particularly when such projects aim to improve the quality of water infiltrating to the groundwater zone. #

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Section: Element Leachingsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Element Leachingmentioning

confidence: 68%

Modelling water balance and nitrate leaching in temperate Norway spruce and beech forests located on the same soil type with the CoupModel

Christiansen

Elberling

Jansson

2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Another hypothesis for soil nutrients would be that atmospheric deposition could occur deeper into forest cores than previously acknowledged, as suggested by the results of two studies detecting higher N up to 500 m into forest interior (Thimonier et al 1992;Kennedy and Pitman 2004). A third possible explanation results from three evidences (Pellissier et al 2013): edge displacement following reforestation creating ecological patterns in space and time (Matlack 1994), the persistent effect of past land use on forest soils and plant communities , and the more frequent location of recent forests at the periphery of ancient forest remnants .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A limited number of studies in Europe have addressed the spatial patterns of abiotic and biological components along longer distance-to-edge gradients, i.e. up to 800-1000 m (Thimonier et al 1992;De Schrijver et al 1998;Kennedy and Pitman 2004). Here, we considered that there is no single correct scale of analysis for studying ecological relationships between patterns and processes (Levin 1992;Saunders et al 1998), and hypothesised that other ecological or biological mechanisms unrelated to the usual "edge effect" might explain the presence of a generalized long-range edge-to-interior gradient in environmental variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected long-range edge-to-forest interior environmental gradients

Bergès¹,

Pellissier

Avon³

et al. 2013

Landscape Ecol

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We examined the relationships between distance-to-edge and environmental factors inferred from mean plant indicator values across large distance-to-edge and patch size gradients.Floristic composition, landscape metrics and site variables (climate, soil and forest management) were collected on 19989 plots in 1801 forest patches in Northern France using the French National Forest Inventory. Statistical models were applied to mean plant indicator values (MIV) from Ellenberg and Ecoplant databases for soil pH, soil nitrogen (N), soil humidity (F), light (L) and air temperature (Ta) using distance-to-edge and forest patch size as predictors. The five mean indicator values significantly varied with distance-to-edge and MIV.pH, N and Ta decreased over distances in excess of 500 m. Consistent very long edgeto-interior gradients were also detected for site variables. The distance-to-edge effect remained significant after controlling for site differences, especially for MIV.pH and N.Significant edge-to-core gradients of MIV were detected over much larger ranges than previously recognised. Neither the presence of an ecological boundary between forest and the surrounding matrix, nor microclimate, soil or forest management heterogeneity within forest patches can fully explain this long edge-to-interior gradient observed in MIV. Two hypotheses are discussed for MIV.pH and N: (1) soil eutrophication, due to atmospheric N deposition, which could occur deeper into forest cores than previously acknowledged; (2) land-use legacies, as the periphery of ancient forests is more often occupied by recent forests where former agricultural practices have irreversibly modified topsoil properties. Land use history data would help identify the drivers underlying these long-range edge gradients.

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“…Tree uptake and release of nutrients and other substances are also found to change the biological and chemical processes and conditions in the soil (Wardle 1992;Grayston et al 1996). Below the forest canopy, heterogeneous light and moisture conditions occur at ground level, affecting the above mentioned processes and the distribution of ground flora (Nihlgård 1970;Kennedy and Pitman 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in soil organic matter, extractable nutrients, and acidity in European beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.) forest soils related to the presence of ground flora

Andréasson

Påhlsson

Bergkvist

2012

Journal of Forest Research

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Differences in soil organic matter (SOM) content, soil acidity, and soil exchangeable nutrients Ca, K, Na, Mg) related to the presence of ground flora were studied. The study was carried out for a growing season in two different Fagus sylvatica L. forests in southern Sweden, and the differences in soil characteristics below naturally occurring patches of Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. or Anemone nemorosa L. were compared with those with no ground flora. Patches of D. flexuosa led to higher soil pH, but lower SOM, water content, base saturation, and NH 4 -N concentration compared with adjacent zones without D. flexuosa. The lower SOM content suggested an increased rate of decomposition which caused soil pH to increase because of release of basic cations. In the presence of A. nemorosa, pH was higher and the exchangeable acidity lower than for patches without the herb. In early spring, when A. nemorosa emerged and flowered, the NH 4 -N concentration was somewhat lower in the presence of the herb than when it was absent. For the evergreen grass D. flexuosa NH 4 -N concentrations were lower in patches with the grass later in the summer season (July). This work indicates the presence of spatial and temporal differences in nutrient circulation and decomposition on the small ground flora scale, which should be considered when studying nutrient and carbon cycles of temperate forests.

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Factors affecting the nitrogen status of soils and ground flora in Beech woodlands

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Modelling water balance and nitrate leaching in temperate Norway spruce and beech forests located on the same soil type with the CoupModel

Modelling water balance and nitrate leaching in temperate Norway spruce and beech forests located on the same soil type with the CoupModel

Unexpected long-range edge-to-forest interior environmental gradients

Differences in soil organic matter, extractable nutrients, and acidity in European beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.) forest soils related to the presence of ground flora

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