Factors affecting the concentration and flux of materials in two southern Everglades mangrove wetlands

Davis, Stephen E.; Childers, Daniel L.; Day, John W.; Rudnick, David T.; Sklar, Fred H.

doi:10.3354/meps253085

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Salinity determines many biogeochemical pathways in mangrove forests and is highly variable among sites, values can range from around 10 PSU in tropical sites with riverine inputs (e.g. Davis et al, 2003) to up to more than 70 PSU in subtropical arid zones, such as in Western Australia (M. F. Adame, personal observation). High salinity alters faunal composition, decreases bacterial abundance (Ó lafsson et al, 2004;Twilley et al, 1997) and reduces primary productivity (Cintrón et al, 1978;Saenger & Snedaker, 1993).…”

Section: Mangroves Export Litter and Poc To The Coastal Oceanmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon and nutrient exchange of mangrove forests with the coastal ocean

2010

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Mangrove forests exchange materials with the coastal ocean through tidal inundation. In this study, we aim to provide an overview of the published data of carbon (C) and nutrient exchange of mangrove forests with the coastal ocean at different spatial scales to assess whether the exchange is correlated with environmental parameters. We collected data on C (dissolved and particulate organic C; DOC and POC) and nutrient exchange (dissolved and particulate nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P) and examined the role of latitude, temperature, precipitation, geomorphological setting, hydrology, dominant mangrove species and forest area in explaining the variability of the exchange. We identified that there are a range of methodologies used to determine material exchange of mangroves with the coastal zone, each methodology providing data on the exchange at different spatial scales. This variability of approaches has limited our understanding of the role of mangroves in the coastal zone. Regardless, we found that mangrove forests export C and nutrients to the coastal zone in the form of litter and POC. We found that precipitation is a major factor influencing the export of C in the form of litter; sites with low annual precipitation and high mean annual temperatures export more C as litter than sites with high precipitation and low temperature. Furthermore, export of POC is higher in zones with low mean annual minimum temperature. Identification of broad-scale trends in DOC and dissolved nutrients was more difficult, as the analysis was limited by scarcity of suitable studies and high variability in experimental approaches. However, tidal amplitude and the concentration of nutrients in the floodwater appears to be important in determining nutrient exchange. The strongest conclusion from our analysis is that mangrove forests are in general sources of C and nutrients in the form of litter and POC and that they are most likely to be exporting C subsidies in dry regions.

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Section: Mangroves Export Litter and Poc To The Coastal Oceanmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon and nutrient exchange of mangrove forests with the coastal ocean

2010

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“…These observed variations can be attributed to a variety of causes. Salinity is one of the most important factors controlling the local distributions of mangrove ecosystems [11,37,38], and consequently is one of the primary reasons that N concentrations vary within these forests [14]. Mangroves evolved in a setting where the rates of photosynthesis and growth are restricted by the capacity to maintain a favorable water balance with minimum salt uptake [39].…”

Section: Mangrove Leaf Size and N Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, leaf N concentration could be used as a possible indicator of mangrove health. In fact, several studies have already investigated the changes of N concentration in mangrove leaves in response to changing environmental conditions (e.g., [10][11][12][13][14]). However, these studies collected point N concentration data, and it is difficult to extrapolate these values to indicate spatial variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Hyperspectral Measurements and Mangrove Leaf Nitrogen Concentrations

et al. 2013

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Abstract:The use of spectral response curves for estimating nitrogen (N) leaf concentrations generally has been found to be a challenging task for a variety of plant species. In this investigation, leaf N concentration and corresponding laboratory hyperspectral data were examined for two species of mangrove (Avicennia germinans, Rhizophora mangle) representing a variety of conditions (healthy, poor condition, dwarf) of a degraded mangrove forest located in the Mexican Pacific. This is the first time leaf nitrogen content has been examined using close range hyperspectral remote sensing of a degraded mangrove forest. Simple comparisons between individual wavebands and N concentrations were examined, as well as two models employed to predict N concentrations based on multiple wavebands. For one model, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was developed based on known N absorption bands. For comparative purposes, a second model, based on the well-known Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (SMLR) approach, was employed using the entire dataset. For both models, the input data included continuum removed reflectance, band depth at the centre of the absorption feature (BNC), and log (1/BNC). Weak to moderate correlations were found between N concentration and single band spectral responses. The results also indicate that ANNs were more predictive for N concentration than was SMLR, and had consistently higher r value (0.91) was observed in the prediction of black mangrove (A. germinans) leaf N concentration using the BNC transformation. It is thus suggested that artificial neural networks could be used in a complementary manner with other techniques to assess mangrove health, thereby improving environmental monitoring in coastal wetlands, which is of prime importance to local communities. In addition, it is recommended that the BNC transformation be used on the input for such N concentration prediction models.

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“…In addition, surface sediments in the mangrove ecotone contain a higher fraction of OM and non-refractory P than Florida Bay sediments (Koch et al 2001). Rapid salinity decreases, and enhanced OM production during initial freshwater discharge can alter physical and chemical interactions in the carbonate sediments, which facilitate benthic release of OM and P into the water column (Froelich 1988;Davis et al 2003b). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Indirect Hurricane Effects on Resource Availability and Microbial Communities in a Subtropical Wetland-Estuary Transition Zone

Williams

Boyer

Jochem

2007

Estuaries and Coasts: J CERF

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Three sequential hurricanes made landfall over the South Florida peninsula in August and September 2004. The storm systems passed north of the Everglades wetlands and northeastern Florida Bay, but indirect storm effects associated with changes in freshwater discharge during an otherwise drought year occurred across the wetland-estuary transition area. To assess the impacts of the 2004 hurricane series on hydrology, nutrients, and microbial communities in the Everglades wetlands to Florida Bay transition area, results are presented in the context of a seasonal cycle without hurricane activity (2003). Tropical activity in 2004 increased rainfall over South Florida and the study area, thereby temporarily relieving drought conditions. Not so much actual rainfall levels at the study site but more so water management practices in preparation of the hurricane threats, which include draining of an extensive freshwater canal system into the coastal ocean to mitigate inland flooding, rapidly reversed hypersalinity in the wetlands-estuary study area. Although annual discharge was comparable in both years, freshwater discharge in 2004 occurred predominantly during the late wet season, whereas discharge was distributed evenly over the 2003 wet season. Total organic carbon (TOC), ammonium (NH þ 4 ), and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations increased during the hurricane series to concentrations two to five times higher than long-term median concentrations in eastern Florida Bay. Spatiotemporal patterns in these resource enrichments suggest that TOC and SRP originated from the Everglades mangrove ecotone, while NH þ 4 originated from the bay. Phytoplankton biomass in the bay increased significantly during storm-related freshwater discharge, but declined at the same time in the wetland mangrove ecotone from bloom conditions during the preceding drought. In the bay, these changes were associated with increased nanophytoplankton and decreased picophytoplankton biomass. Heterotrophic bacterial production increased in response to freshwater discharge, whereas bacterial abundance decreased. Hydrochemical and microbial changes were short-lived, and the wetland-bay transition area reverted to more typical oligotrophic conditions within 3 months after the hurricanes. These results suggest that changes in freshwater discharge after drought conditions and during the hurricane series forced the productivity and P-enriched characteristics of the wetland's mangrove ecotone, although only briefly, to the south into Florida Bay.

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Factors affecting the concentration and flux of materials in two southern Everglades mangrove wetlands

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

Carbon and nutrient exchange of mangrove forests with the coastal ocean

Carbon and nutrient exchange of mangrove forests with the coastal ocean

Relationship between Hyperspectral Measurements and Mangrove Leaf Nitrogen Concentrations

Indirect Hurricane Effects on Resource Availability and Microbial Communities in a Subtropical Wetland-Estuary Transition Zone

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