Factors affecting the chemiluminescent response of fish phagocytes

Abstract

The effects of several factors on the phagocytic activity ofcells isolated from the pronephros of striped bass, .Irlorow sa.ualilis, were measured using a chemiluminescence (CL) assay. The CL responses of phagocytes to varying concentrations of bacteria, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). and zymosan were shown to be dose-dependent. Incubation of phagocytes with PMA resulted in a decrease in cell numbers related to the concentration of PMA used in the assay. Opsonization of Aerumonas hydrophila with normal pooled bass serum decreased the number of colony forming units present in suspension while enhancing the CL response by striped bass phagocytes. Opsonization of zymosan also resulted in an enhanced CL response. Aeromonas hydrophila and Aerococcus viriduns killed by heat treatment. incubation with formalin, or exposure to UV radiation elicited little or no CL when incubated with phagocytes.

Investigation of factors influencing the ability ofRenibacterium salmoninarumto stimulate rainbow trout macrophage respiratory burst activity

“…In the present study, it has been demonstrated that early contact of macrophages with R. salmoninarum induces release of O 2 from macrophages in agreement with the study of Sakai et al (1996) using unfractionated kidney phagocytes, and that this reaction can be up-regulated by the use of macrophage activators. Release of oxygen radicals from phagocytes in response to bacterial pathogens is well known in fish, and in general it is accepted that live microorganisms elicit a more intense response than dead ones (Stave et al, 1984). This is in contrast to the present experiments which clearly show that heat-killed R. salmoninarum elicited higher O 2 production by macrophages compared with the response to the live pathogen.…”

Dietary vitamin E and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) phagocyte functions: effect on gut and on head kidney leucocytes

“…phorbol myristate acetate, PMA), and so adherence of a pathogen to the macrophage membrane or vice versa may be su$cient to cause the release of ROS and/or other toxic compounds able to e#ect extracellular killing (Stave et al, 1983;Sharp & Secombes, 1993). A burst of oxygen-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) occurs during ROS production and has been used to investigate the oxidative response of leucocytes from several species of fish (Scott & Klesius, 1981;Stave et al, 1984;Scott et al, 1985;Plytycz et al, 1989). The present results confirm previous studies (Davidson et al, 1991;Clerton et al, 1998) that gut phagocytes produce a chemiluminescent response when activated by PMA, but is lower than that produced by an equivalent number of head kidney macrophages.…”

Chemiluminescence of neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of eel.

“…It is shown that the phago cytic cells from many animal species including fish emit CL during phagocytosis. SCOTT andKLE SIUS (1981) andSTAVE et al (1984) showed that fish phagocytes emitted CL in response to in cubation with zymosan or bacteria. In this study, we have obtained similar results of CL response by using eel neutrophils and bacteria (Fig.…”