Factors affecting sow colostrum yield and composition, and their impact on piglet growth and health

Hasan, Shah; Orro, Toomas; Valros, Anna; Junnikkala, Sami; Peltoniemi, Olli; Oliviero, Claudio

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2019.07.004

Cited by 48 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Further elucidations on the role that the identified compounds have in piglets' metabolism and health are desirable. Furthermore, the relevance of sow metabolic condition for colostrum quality is also indicated by the association of backfat of the sow at farrowing with the concentration of IgA in colostrum, when equalized for the parity number of the sow [51]. Thus, the relationship between sows' energy balance and colostrum metabolomics composition deserves further investigations in order to improve sows' management and, consequently, the colostrum quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Defatted Colostrum 1H-NMR Metabolomics Profile of Gilts and Multiparous Sows and Its Relationship with Litter Performance

Luise

Picone

Balzani

et al. 2020

Animals

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The aim of the study was to characterize the soluble metabolomics profile of defatted colostrum of sows at different parity number (PA) and to correlate the metabolomics profile with the Brix percentage estimate of colostrum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and sow productive traits. A total of 96 Meidam (crossbreed Large White × Meishan) sows of PA from 1–4 (PA1: 28; PA2:26; PA3:12; PA4:26) were included, and their productive traits were recorded at 10 days post-farrowing. Colostrum IgG was quantified using a Brix refractometer, and metabolomics profile was assessed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Sows’ PA slightly influenced the metabolomics profile of colostrum. lactose and glycine were higher in PA1 compared with PA4 (p 0.05) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) tended to be higher in PA2 than PA3 and PA4 (p < 0.10). The Brix percentage of IgG was negatively associated with lactose and positively with creatine, myo-inositol, and O-phosphocholine (p < 0.05). Taurine was positively related to litter weight at birth. GlcNAc and myo-inositol were linked to piglet mortality at day 10 with a negative and positive trend, respectively. In conclusion, colostrum of gilts and multiparous sows had a similar metabolomics profile. Specific metabolites contributed to explanation of the variability in colostrum Brix percentage estimate of IgG concentration and the sows’ productive performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Defatted Colostrum 1H-NMR Metabolomics Profile of Gilts and Multiparous Sows and Its Relationship with Litter Performance

Luise

Picone

Balzani

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…In general, colostrum production in sows is highly variable due to differences in breed, nutrition, sows, number of live-born piglets within the litter, farrowing duration, hormones (i.e. progesterone, prolactin and oxytocin) and environmental factors [15][16][17][18][19]. The present study demonstrated that the colostrum yield of sows is highly variable and ranges from 0.66 to 9.11 kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Heat stress may increase the level of cortical hormones and influence the oxytocin released during parturition, and subsequently increase farrowing duration and reduce colostrum production. Hasan et al [19] found that colostrum production was significantly associated with litter size and the duration of farrowing. Sows with a long duration of farrowing had reduced colostrum production [19].…”

Section: A C C E P T E D a R T I C L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hasan et al [19] found that colostrum production was significantly associated with litter size and the duration of farrowing. Sows with a long duration of farrowing had reduced colostrum production [19]. The authors [19] stated that the sows with too long a duration of farrowing may secrete opioids due to stress and hence, inhibit prolactin secretion and reduce the colostrum production [19].…”

Section: A C C E P T E D a R T I C L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sows with a long duration of farrowing had reduced colostrum production [19]. The authors [19] stated that the sows with too long a duration of farrowing may secrete opioids due to stress and hence, inhibit prolactin secretion and reduce the colostrum production [19]. Moreover, a high concentration of progesterone at the onset of farrowing inhibits the secretion of prolactin [22] and hence, reduces colostrum production [2].…”

Section: A C C E P T E D a R T I C L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Postpartum prostaglandin F2α administration affects colostrum yield, immunoglobulin G, and piglet performance

et al. 2021

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Objective: To determine the effect of postpartum PGF2 administration on colostrum and milk yield, colostrum IgG and piglet growth performance. Methods: In total, 36 sows were included in the experiment. The sows were classified into two groups: i) control (n=11) and ii) PGF2 (n=25). Sows in the PGF2 group received 10 mg of PGF2 within an hour after farrowing. The body weight of piglets was measured at 0 and 24 h after birth to estimate colostrum consumption. Colostrum was collected at 1 and 24 h after farrowing to determine IgG concentrations. For milk yield study, the remaining sows in the PGF2 group (n=23) were divided into two subgroups: i) single PGF2 (n=12) and ii) multiple PGF2 (n=11). In the multiple PGF2, the sows received repeated doses of PGF2 at seven and 14 days postpartum. The piglets' body weight was measured at 0, 1, 5 and 20 days of age. The milk yield of the sows was calculated. Results: Colostrum yield of sows averaged 5.62±2.25 kg. Sows treated with PGF2 postpartum had a higher colostrum yield than control (7.01 and 5.12 kg, p<0.05). The concentration of IgG in colostrum at 24 h in the PGF2 group was higher than the control (31.6 and 17.4 g/L, p<0.05). For primiparous sows, milk yield was highest in the sows treated with multiple doses of PGF2 during lactation and lowest in control sows (10.25 and 7.61 kg, p<0.05). Colostrum intake was higher in the treatment than the control groups (+56.7 g, p<0.05). Primiparous sows treated with multiple doses of PGF2 had a higher litter weight than controls (p<0.01). Conclusion: Postpartum treatment with PGF2 improved colostrum yield and IgG in multiparous sows and increased colostrum intake of piglets. Multiple administration of PGF2 improved the milk yield and increased litter weight of piglets in primiparous sows.

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Offspring of hyper prolific sows: Immunity, birthweight, and heterogeneous litters

Oliviero

2022

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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In Europe, in the last 3 decades, there has been a constant increase in litter size due to the use of superior maternal line genetics. Those sows giving birth to more piglets than their average number of functional teats are identified as hyperprolific sows (HPS). The large number of piglets born within a litter implies not only a challenge for their access to vital resources like colostrum and milk but has a direct effect on their average birth weight and heterogeneity. These conditions are detrimental to piglets' vitality in the first hours of life and also to their immunity development. An exceptionally large number of growing fetuses in HPS leads to intrauterine crowding and consequently to an increased number of piglets suffering from intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), which put piglets at a high risk of mortality after birth and up to later stages of life. Increased heterogeneity of birth weight within large litters increases the competition for colostrum intake, with the smaller piglets being less competitive and vital, and therefore affecting negatively their immunity. Low birth weight, long interval to reach the udder, and long duration of farrowing, all have negative effects on piglets' immunoglobulin absorption. In HPS litters, colostrum management should be focused on low birth weight piglets, anticipating their impaired capabilities associated with ingesting adequate colostrum, by shortening the time to reach the udder and reducing competition among piglets. The vitality of neonate piglets, especially low in birth weight or affected by IUGR should be enhanced to improve their body temperature and their early life stage energy metabolism.

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Factors affecting sow colostrum yield and composition, and their impact on piglet growth and health

Cited by 48 publications

References 36 publications

Investigation of the Defatted Colostrum 1H-NMR Metabolomics Profile of Gilts and Multiparous Sows and Its Relationship with Litter Performance

Investigation of the Defatted Colostrum 1H-NMR Metabolomics Profile of Gilts and Multiparous Sows and Its Relationship with Litter Performance

Postpartum prostaglandin F2α administration affects colostrum yield, immunoglobulin G, and piglet performance

Offspring of hyper prolific sows: Immunity, birthweight, and heterogeneous litters

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