Factors Affecting Intraoperative Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux in Dogs and Cats

Abstract

In animals, gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) may occur during anaesthesia, and it can lead to severe consequences such as oesophagitis and oesophageal stricture. This systematic review investigates the effect of fasting duration and anaesthetic and nonanaesthetic drugs on GOR in dogs and cats during general anaesthesia. Fifteen clinical studies met the inclusion criteria in this systematic review. In thirteen studies the population was dogs, while in two studies the population was cats. In the meta-analysis, seven studies were included. Four studies on the effect of fasting duration on GOR in dogs were included in the meta-analysis. In total, 191 dogs had a fasting duration less than 5 h, while 311 dogs had a fasting duration more than 5 h. The heterogeneity of the studies was high and statistically significant (p = 0.0002, I2 = 85%), but the overall effect was statistically nonsignificant (p = 0.82, odds ratio = 0.81, 95% CI 0.15, 4.26), in favour of the low fasting duration (<5 h). Concerning the effect of antacids on GOR, three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The heterogeneity of the studies was low and nonsignificant (p = 0.13, I2 = 52%) and the overall effect was statistically nonsignificant (p = 0.24). The low number of studies and the diverse factors affecting the incidence of reflux prevented us from reaching valuable conclusions on the risk factors for GOR.

Current practice for the chemical immobilisation of non‐domestic feline species: An online survey study

“…Regarding preanaesthetic preparation of the animals, the fasting time reportedly ranged from 12 to 24 hours. While 12‐hour fasting is commonly reported in domestic cats, 24 hours may be regarded as a relatively long time 17–19 . However, this may be necessary to allow gastric emptying in large feline species after a large meal; moreover, one study conducted on domestic cats showed that total gastrointestinal transit time may be even longer than 46 hours in senior cats, although younger cats tended to show quicker emptying times 20 …”

Periodontal Pocket Therapy Using a Class IV Dental Diode Laser in Dogs: A Retrospective Analysis

“…The benefit of diode laser therapy does not outweigh the risks associated with additional anesthetic occasions at this time. [37][38][39] This study's most notable limitation is the lack of data describing RP/C as a monotherapy to compare with these results. A control group within the same facility was not available retrospectively within the same period (2017-2020).…”