Factors affecting fluoride and natural organic matter (NOM) removal from natural waters in Tanzania by nanofiltration/reverse osmosis

Shen, Junjie; Schäfer, A.I.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.037

Cited by 133 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…At the same time, there are also several households that do not receive safe water nor treat their water appropriately. In addition, microbial contamination, as well as fluoride and salinity, are amongst the water quality challenges in Tanzania [46,[48][49][50].…”

Section: Background-research and Development Process And Its Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential and Pitfalls of Frugal Innovation in the Water Sector: Insights from Tanzania to Global Value Chains

Hyvärinen¹,

Keskinen²,

Varis³

2016

Sustainability

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Abstract:Water is perhaps the most intertwined, and basic, resource on our planet. Nevertheless, billions face water-related challenges, varying from lack of water and sanitation services to hindrances on livelihoods and socio-economic activities. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recognize the broad role that water has for development, and also call for the private sector to participate in solving these numerous development challenges. This study looks into the potential of frugal innovations as a means for the private sector to engage in water-related development challenges. Our findings, based on a case study and literature review, indicate that frugal innovations have potential in this front due to their focus on affordable, no-frills solutions. However, we also recognize pitfalls related to frugal innovations in the water sector. Although the innovations would, in principle, be sustainable, deficiencies related to scale and institutional structures may emerge. These deficiencies are linked to the importance of water in a variety of processes, both natural and manmade, as well as to the complexity of global production-consumption value chains. Increasing the innovations' sustainability impact requires broader acknowledgement of the underlying value chains and their diverse links with water. A holistic view on water can mitigate water-related business risks while increasing wellbeing on an individual level.

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Section: Background-research and Development Process And Its Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential and Pitfalls of Frugal Innovation in the Water Sector: Insights from Tanzania to Global Value Chains

Hyvärinen¹,

Keskinen²,

Varis³

2016

Sustainability

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show abstract

“…It migrates to the environment from two sourcesnatural and anthropogenic. Some amount of fluoride migrates to water by dissolving rocks and soils which contain fluoride (like biotite, fluorite, topaz, cryolite, villiaumite) [1][2][3]. In wastewater from phosphoric acid production, the F -concentration can reach even 3000 mg F -/dm 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluoride also migrates to the environment from ceramic production, food industry, fertilizer manufacturing or electroplating [4,5]. Due to the harmful impact on human health, the World Health Organisation estimated the permissible level of fluoride in drinking water to 1.5 mg F -/dm 3 [1,6]. Exceeded concentration of fluoride leads to many health issues -dental and skeleton fluorosis, neurological problems, lesions of the thyroid or cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been estimated that even 200 million people consume water of F -ion content over the permissible level [1,2]. In India and China 26 and 35 million people are exposed to fluoride contamination, respectively [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Tanzania fluoride contamination is so significant that it was necessary to increase the permissible level of F -ions in drinking water to 4 mg F -/dm 3 . It has been also noticed that in Tanzania fluoride occurs in water simultaneously with organic matter [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of electrodialysis with mono-anion permselective membranes for defluoridation

Grzegorzek

Majewska-Nowak

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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Trace Contaminant Removal by Nanofiltration

et al. 2021

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Table 1: Examples of wastewater and water treatment plants using NF/RO membranes. Location Capacity (m 3 /d) Application Water Factory 21 (Orange County California) [8] 15 000 Indirect potable reuse via groundwater recharge Mexico City [9] 500 Irrigation City of Livermore (California) [9] 2800 Irrigation; fire fighting water Chandler (Arizona) [9] 4160 Indirect potable Artis Zoo (Amsterdam) [10] 430-1200 Cleaning animals cages; Ecoflow for the zoo environment Sydney Olympic Park (Homebush Bay-Sydney) [11] 2200 Non-potable reuse Water reuse Kranji NEWater plant (Singapore) [12] 40,000 Indirect potable reuse Water supply Mery-Sur-Oise (Paris, World's largest water supply plant using NF process) [13] 140 000 Pesticide removal for drinking water supplyNF is also an effective method to treat landfill leachate (see Chapter 16 for details on this application) as it may contain a wealth of trace contaminants that is not biodegradable and thus will remain in the water discharged after undergoing biological treatment [14]. In addition, NF plays an important role in some small-scale operations including mobile water treatment units for military activities in remote regions from the worst sources such as raw sewage [1] and space travel [15]. In the course of military action, a reliable and safe drinking water supply is an important logistical concern and it may be necessary to produce water from highly contaminated sources that may contain many trace contaminants. Safe and reliable direct water reuse is also a priority for long missions in space. Last but not least, NF presents a valuable tool for researchers to concentrate and characterize a variety of organics from aquatic environments.The removal processes of trace contaminants using NF are complex and to date poorly understood. Hence the mechanisms in this chapter are preliminary and much work still needs to be done to fill in the knowledge gap. This chapter will document and discuss the significance of trace contaminants in water and wastewater applications where NF can be applied as a treatment process. Removal mechanisms and membrane-contaminant interactions are discussed.

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Factors affecting fluoride and natural organic matter (NOM) removal from natural waters in Tanzania by nanofiltration/reverse osmosis

Cited by 133 publications

References 62 publications

Potential and Pitfalls of Frugal Innovation in the Water Sector: Insights from Tanzania to Global Value Chains

Potential and Pitfalls of Frugal Innovation in the Water Sector: Insights from Tanzania to Global Value Chains

The use of electrodialysis with mono-anion permselective membranes for defluoridation

Trace Contaminant Removal by Nanofiltration

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