Factors Affecting Energy‐related CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions: Past Levels and Present Trends

Gürer, Nadir; Ban, Jan

doi:10.1111/1468-0076.00037

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The IPAT equation has also been a source for the development of the literature on energy decomposition analysis, which disaggregated energy intensity and extended and refined the mathematics of IPAT (Greening et al 1998, 1999Gurer and Ban 1997). The use of the IPAT equation in research related to climate change, specifically energy-related carbon emission studies, may be the most enduring legacy of IPAT.…”

Section: Apples and Orangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The IPAT Equation and Its Variants

Chertow

2000

J of Industrial Ecology

466

169

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Summary In the early 1970s Ehrlich and Holdren devised a simple equation in dialogue with Commoner identifying three factors that created environmental impact. Thus, impact (I) was expressed as the product of (1) population, (P); (2) affluence, (A); and (3) technology, (T). This article tracks the various forms the IPAT equation has taken over 30 years as a means of examining an underlying shift among many environmentalists toward a more accepting view of the role technology can play in sustainable development. Although the IPAT equation was once used to determine which single variable was the most damaging to the environment, an industrial ecology view reverses this usage, recognizing that increases in population and affluence can, in many cases, be balanced by improvements to the environment offered by technological systems.

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Section: Apples and Orangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The IPAT Equation and Its Variants

Chertow

2000

J of Industrial Ecology

466

169

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“…T also accounts for the efficiency of the emissions and may be measured as tons of CO 2 per U$S of the GDP. Other authors like Ogawa (1991), Nakicenovic et al, (1993), Watson et al, (1996), Gürer and Ban, (1997), O´Neill et al, (2000), Waggoner and Ausubel (2002), have proposed or used similar relations. This identity is sometimes also called Kaya identity (Kaya, 1990).…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling population dynamics and economic growth as competing species: An application to CO2 global emissions

Puliafito

Grand

2008

Ecological Economics

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Since the beginning of the last century the world is experiencing an important demographic transition, which will probably impact on economic growth. Many demographers and social scientists are trying to understand the key drivers of such transition as well as its profound implications. A correct understanding will help to predict other important trends of the world primary energy demand and the carbon emission to the atmosphere, which may be leading to an important climate change. This paper proposes a set of coupled differential equations to describe the changes of population, gross domestic product, primary energy consumption and carbon emissions, modeled as competing-species as in Lokta-Volterra prey-predator relations. The predator-prey model is well known in the biological, ecological and environmental literature and has also been applied successfully in other fields. This model proposes a new and simple conceptual explanation of the interactions and feedbacks among the principal driving forces leading to the present transition. The estimated results for the temporal evolution of world population, gross domestic product, primary energy consumption and carbon emissions are calculated from year 1850 to year 2150. The calculated scenarios are in good agreement with common world data and projections for the next 100 years.

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“…While differences in energy intensity levels can be attributed to factors like geography, wealth, culture, natural endowment and economic structure, their movement over time reflects the combined effects of efficiency improvements, structural changes in the economy, changes in energy‐using activities and fuel substitution (Pagá and Gürer, 1996). The indicators can reveal useful information about the energy performance of different economies, and can be utilised in the analysis of energy consumption trends and projections (Gürer and Ban, 1997).…”

Section: Energy Indicators By Type Oecdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy indicators

2008

OPEC Energy Review

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Factors Affecting Energy‐related CO₂ Emissions: Past Levels and Present Trends

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

The IPAT Equation and Its Variants

The IPAT Equation and Its Variants

Modeling population dynamics and economic growth as competing species: An application to CO2 global emissions

Energy indicators

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Factors Affecting Energy‐related CO2 Emissions: Past Levels and Present Trends

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

The IPAT Equation and Its Variants

The IPAT Equation and Its Variants

Modeling population dynamics and economic growth as competing species: An application to CO2 global emissions

Energy indicators

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Factors Affecting Energy‐related CO₂ Emissions: Past Levels and Present Trends