Factors affecting employment after whiplash injury

Gozzard, C; Bannister, G.C.; Langkamer, G.; Khan, S.; Gargan, Martin; Foy, C.

doi:10.1302/0301-620x.83b4.0830506

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The lack of clear association between direction of impact and poor outcome is consistent with mixed observations in the literature [4,14,15,21,24,27,31,39]. The significance of awareness of impact has only been supported by one study of 29 patients [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Factors predicting outcome after whiplash injury in subjects pursuing litigation

et al. 2005

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Records of 277 patients presenting for medicolegal reporting following isolated whiplash injury were studied retrospectively. A range of pre-accident, accident and response variables were recorded. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the main factors that predict physical and psychological outcome after whiplash injury. The factors that showed significant association with poor outcome on both physical and psychological outcome scales were pre-injury back pain, high frequency of General Practitioner attendance, evidence of pre-injury depression or anxiety symptoms, front position in the vehicle and pain radiating away from the neck after injury. The strongest associations were with factors that are present before impact. In this selected cohort of patients, there is a physical and a psychological vulnerability that may explain the widely varied response to low violence indirect neck injury.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Early onset of symptoms [3,4,18,22,26,30,31], radiating pain and numbness [3,18,21,26,30,31,37,38,41] and objective neurological signs at the time of examination [14,18,21,23,30,31] are consistent with a poor prognosis in the overwhelming proportion of the literature examining these variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors predicting outcome after whiplash injury in subjects pursuing litigation

et al. 2005

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“…A broad range of prognostic factors have been studied for individuals with whiplash injuries. For example, demographic factors, such as female gender and older age (Bylund and Bjornstig 1998;Cassidy et al 2000;Harder et al 1998), longer duration of work absence (Adams et al 2007;Sullivan et al 2006), and employment with high physical demands (Gozzard et al 2001) have all been identified as negative prognostic indicators of individuals' recovery trajectory following whiplash injury. Crash-related characteristics, such as being a passenger (Suissa 2003) and wearing a seatbelt (Harder et al 1998) have also been shown to have predictive value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Determinants of Clinicians’ Return to Work Judgments for Individuals Following Whiplash Injury

Scott

Sullivan

2010

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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Rehabilitation clinicians routinely make judgments about the capacity of individuals to return to work following whiplash injury, which can have serious implications for individuals' continued access to salary indemnity benefits. The present study examined the validity and determinants of these judgments. During a standardized rehabilitation intervention, data regarding demographic factors, crash characteristics, pain severity, range of motion, pain-related psychological functioning, as well as change in the latter three factors over the course of treatment were collected for 104 whiplash-injured individuals (73 women, 31 men). Upon completion of the intervention, clinicians rated the number of hours each individual was capable of working per day. Follow-up data regarding the actual number of hours worked were collected 1 year later. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that clinicians' judgments added significant unique variance to the return to work prediction beyond other predictive factors, and that clinicians were particularly influenced by patients' pain severity and treatment-related change in pain severity in making these judgments. Although clinicians were significantly able to predict return to work, the limited variance accounted for by their judgments (12%) warrants caution in the use of these judgments in decisions related to access to services or indemnity. Factors predictive of clinician judgment and actual return to work are compared, and recommendations to enhance the utility of these judgments are made.

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“…5,6 Postwhiplash syndrome can lead to invalidating effects and long-term work disability. 7,8 It is therefore of paramount importance to gain insight into the factors responsible for this chronic course.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catastrophizing and Causal Beliefs in Whiplash

Buitenhuis¹,

Jong²,

Jaspers³

et al. 2008

Spine

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The results suggest that causal beliefs may play a major role in the perceived disability and course of neck complaints after motor vehicle accidents, whereas pain catastrophizing is predominantly related to concurrent disability.The current findings are consistent with the view that an early conviction that neck complaints are caused by the medico-cultural entity whiplash has a detrimental effect on the course of symptoms.

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Factors affecting employment after whiplash injury

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Factors predicting outcome after whiplash injury in subjects pursuing litigation

Factors predicting outcome after whiplash injury in subjects pursuing litigation

Validity and Determinants of Clinicians’ Return to Work Judgments for Individuals Following Whiplash Injury

Catastrophizing and Causal Beliefs in Whiplash

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