Factors affecting coronal fracture of anterior teeth in North Jordanian children

Abstract

The aims of this study were to investigate the incidence of coronal fracture of the anterior teeth in North Jordanian schoolchildren and to study the main predisposing factors and the factors that may affect the severity of this fracture. A study group (958) comprising schoolchildren aged 13-15 years was chosen by a simple random method from five geographical areas in Irbid Governate, Jordan. All children completed a questionnaire related to history of trauma to their anterior teeth before they had a clinical examination for lip competence, lip line and amount of fracture. Overjet was recorded from a study cast made for each student. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test. The results showed a prevalence of 11% of coronal fracture with female-male ratio of 1:1. An increase in the overjet more than 3 mm doubled the incidence of coronal fracture while overjet more than 6 mm increased the incidence fourfold. There was higher incidence of coronal fracture associated with lip incompetence and low lip line (P <0.01). The severity of fracture increased in children with a larger overjet (P <0.001). It was concluded that overjet, lip competence and lip line were important predisposing factors to coronal fracture of the anterior teeth while the severity of the fracture was mainly determined by overjet.

Influence of Overjet and Lip Coverage on the Prevalence and Severity of Incisor Trauma

“…The results of this study concur with most in the current literature which have reported that increased overjets and inadequate lip coverage are major risk factors for incisor trauma [1,4,10,13,26,27,29,33]. In contrast to the 7.1% of patients with normal overjet and adequate lip coverage (Group 1), we detected previous incisor trauma in 11.3% of those with increased overjet and adequate lip coverage als auch eine inadäquate Lippenbedeckung vor (Gruppe 3; n = 342).…”

“…In addition to the many studies that have established a significant correlation between increased overjet or inadequate lip coverage and a higher prevalence of incisor trauma [1,4,10,13,26,27,29,33], there are also those that fail to demonstrate any significant correlation [25,32]. Furthermore, there has been little information on the influence of these two factors on the severity of dental trauma to date.…”

“…Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Untersuchung stehen in Einklang mit dem Großteil der vorhandenen Literatur, wonach ein vergrößerter Overjet und eine inadäquate Lippenbedeckung wesentliche Risikofaktoren für ein Frontzahntrauma darstellen [1,4,10,13,26,27,29,33]. Bei 11,3% der Patienten mit vergrößertem Overjet und adäquater Lippenbedeckung (Gruppe 2) und 13,5% der Patienten mit vergrößertem Overjet und inadäquater Lippenbedeckung (Gruppe 3), im Gegensatz zu nur 7,1% der Patienten mit normalem Overjet und adäquater Lippenbedeckung (Gruppe 1), konnte ein zurückliegendes Frontzahntrauma festgestellt werden, so dass Patienten in Gruppe 2 ein um den Faktor 1,6 (OR = 1,6634) erhöhtes und Patienten in Gruppe 3 ein doppelt so hohes Traumarisiko aufwiesen (OR = 2,0336).…”

“…Neben zahlreichen Untersuchungen, die einen signifikanten Zusammenhang zwischen vergrößertem Overjet oder inadä-quater Lippenbedeckung und erhöhter Prävalenz von Frontzahntraumata feststellen konnten [1,4,10,13,26,27,29,33], existieren auch Studien, die keinen signifikanten Zusammenhang nachweisen konnten [25,32]. Weiterhin gibt es bislang nur wenige Informationen bezüglich des Einflusses dieser beiden Faktoren auf den Schweregrad von Frontzahntraumata.…”

Traumatized Anterior Teeth among 13-15 Years Old Intermediate School Students in Hilla City, Babylon Governorate- Iraq

“…Dental injuries were approximately twice as frequent among children with class II division 1 malocclusion as among children with normal occlusion (10,12) . Maxillary central incisors were considered the most common injured teeth for both the primary and permanent dentitions while mandibular central incisors were the least teeth affected by trauma (13,14) .Other study reported that the dental injuries of secondary school children age 13-15 years old were almost entirely restricted to the maxillary central incisors (75%) (6) . Although many Iraqi studies had been conducted on the traumatized anterior teeth (8,10,15,16) but this study is considered the first one in Hilla city as there is no previous study in this city, so the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of traumatized anterior teeth in relation to age, gender, type of injury, dental treatment needs and type of occlusion to be used as a base line data.…”