Factors affecting context specificity of appetitive conditioned responding

Maes, J.H.R.; Havermans, Remco C.; Vossen, J.M.H.

doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(99)00076-5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…First, there are many previous studies showing that context ef-f f fects on this type of responding with CSs that have only been paired with food are not observed with procedures and equipment nearly identical to those presented here (e.g., Bouton & Nelson, 1994;Brooks & Bouton, 1994;Nelson, 2002;Nelson & Bouton, 1997). With appetitive conditioning using different equipment and procedures, no loss has been observed when, as in the present experiments, extensive conditioning was conducted (Maes, Havermans, & Vossen, 2000). Moreover, in Experiment 2, context change increased rather than decreased responding; the change in context does not, therefore, cause any general response deficit.…”

Section: Data and Analysissupporting

confidence: 52%

Contextual control of first- and second-learned excitation and inhibition in equally ambiguous stimuli

Nelson

2009

Learning & Behavior

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In two three-phase experiments, rats received a final third excitatory (Experiment 1) or inhibitory (Experiment 2) phase of conditioning with a tone. The third phase came immediately prior to a test with the tone, either in the context where the tone was trained or in a different context. Groups differed in each experiment with respect to the first two phases. Rats in Groups EIE (Experiment 1) and EII (Experiment 2) received excitatory conditioning with the tone in Phase 1, followed by inhibitory conditioning with the tone. Rats in Groups IEE (Experiment 1) and IEI (Experiment 2) received inhibitory conditioning in Phase 1, followed by excitatory conditioning in Phase 2. Thus, the association being expressed in Phase 3 was consistent either with what was learned first about the stimuli or with what was learned second. Contrary to expectations, the association being expressed at the end of Phase 3, either excitatory or inhibitory, was affected by a context change, regardless of its consistency with what was learned first about the CS.

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Section: Data and Analysissupporting

confidence: 52%

Contextual control of first- and second-learned excitation and inhibition in equally ambiguous stimuli

Nelson

2009

Learning & Behavior

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“…Hall and Honey (1990) found context specificity in aversive conditioning after one-trial conditioning but not with a multitrial procedure. For appetitive conditioning, Maes et al (2000) reported that context specificity appeared after a moderate amount of training but not after more extended training, whereas contextual control was only obtained with an auditory CS but not with a visual CS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual control in discrimination reversal learning.

Üngör¹,

Lachnit²

2006

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes

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In 3 human predictive learning experiments, the authors examined contextual control of responding in discrimination reversal learning. In Phase 1, a discrimination between 2 stimuli (A+, B-) was trained in Context 1. During Phase 2, participants received discrimination reversal training (A-, B+) in Context 2. Testing occurred in Context 1 and Context 2 (Experiments 1A and 1B) or in Context 1 and Context 3 (Experiment 2). During the test phase, performance in Context 1 and Context 2 reflected the contingencies trained during Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively. When testing occurred in Context 3, there was no discriminative responding between A and B. In addition, the experiments demonstrated that discriminating stimuli with a consistent reinforcement history were also affected by contextual manipulations. Results indicate that each training context acquires the ability to control performance. Unique-cue and configural approaches account for a major part of the results.

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“…This account perfectly fits the renewal results briefly described above. However, it cannot explain other results in the literature showing that retrieval of unambiguous information may also be context-dependent both, in human (León, Abad, & Rosas, 2010b and non-human animals (e.g., Hall & Honey, 1990;Maes, Havermans, & Vossen, 2000). Rosas, Callejas-Aguilera, Ramos-Álvarez, and Abad (2006;see also Rosas & Callejas-Aguilera, 2006 tried to integrate within the same explanation contextdependence of extinction and ambiguous information, and context dependence of unambiguous information.…”

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confidence: 81%

Mechanisms of Contextual Control when Contexts are Informative to Solve the Task

2012

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An experiment was conducted using a human instrumental learning task with the goal of evaluating the mechanisms underlying the deleterious effect of context-switching on responding to an unambiguous stimulus when contexts are informative to solve the task. Participants were trained in a context-based reversal discrimination in which two discriminative stimuli (X and Y) interchange their meaning across contexts A and B. In context A, discriminative stimulus Z consistently announced that the relationship between a specific instrumental response (R1) and a specific outcome (O1) was in effect. Performance in the presence of stimulus Z was equally deteriorated when the test was conducted outside the training context, regardless of whether the test context was familiar (context B) or new (context C). This result is consistent with the idea that participants code all the information presented in an informative context as context-specific with the context playing a role akin to an occasion setter.

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Factors affecting context specificity of appetitive conditioned responding

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Contextual control of first- and second-learned excitation and inhibition in equally ambiguous stimuli

Contextual control of first- and second-learned excitation and inhibition in equally ambiguous stimuli

Contextual control in discrimination reversal learning.

Mechanisms of Contextual Control when Contexts are Informative to Solve the Task

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