Factors affecting clinical assessment of insulin sensitivity in horses

Firshman, Anna M.; Valberg, Stephanie J.

doi:10.2746/042516407x238512

Cited by 106 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Compensatory hyperinsulinemia is a common finding in IR-affected equids. 65 Nevertheless, veterinarians should be cautious when interpreting the results of singlesample insulin determinations without considering possible confounding factors. For example, serum insulin concentration can be influenced by many factors (in addition to the insulin sensitivity of the individual), including time since the animal was last fed; circulating cortisol concentration (diurnal variance, excitement, pain and stress, PPID); type of food on which the ration is based; reproductive status; and physiologic status (fitness/illness).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Equine Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Laminitis and the Equine Metabolic Syndrome

Johnson

Wiedmeyer

LaCarrubba

et al. 2010

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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Although much has been written about laminitis in the context of its association with inflammatory processes, such as dietary carbohydrate overload and endotoxemia, [1][2][3][4][5] recognition is growing that most cases of laminitis examined by veterinarians in private practice are those associated with pasture grazing, obesity, and insulin resistance (IR). 6,7 The term endocrinopathic laminitis has been adopted to classify the instances of laminitis in which the origin seems to be more strongly associated with an underlying endocrinopathy, such as either IR or the influence of corticosteroids. [8][9][10][11] Results of a recent study suggest that obesity and IR represent the most common metabolic and endocrinopathic predispositions for laminitis in horses. 6,12 IR also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of laminitis that develops when some horses or ponies are allowed to graze pastures at certain times of the year (pasture-associated laminitis [PAL]). [12][13][14][15] Moreover, IR is provoked by and contributes to pathophysiologic processes associated with endotoxemia and systemic inflammation under the more classic circumstances associated with risk for acute laminitis, such as grain overload, retention of fetal membranes, and gastroenteritis. 16,17 However, a recent study using the oligofructose model showed that experimentally induced laminitis was not associated with a loss of insulin sensitivity. 18 The term equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) has been proposed as a label for horses whose clinical examination results (including both physical examination and laboratory testing) suggest heightened risk for developing laminitis as a result of underlying IR. 19 EMS is not a disease per se, but rather is a clustering of clinical abnormalities that, when identified collectively in a given patient, indicates that the likelihood of developing laminitis is greater than in individuals lacking the EMS criteria. Use of the term EMS is especially practical for distinguishing affected horses from those affected with either Cushing's (pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction [PPID]) or hypothyroidism, with which EMS is often confused. 19 The clinical importance of diagnosing EMS centers on the fact that recognized risk factors for laminitis can subsequently be avoided in the affected individual. Preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk for laminitis should be rigorously emphasized in EMS-affected horses and ponies.Recently, the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) commissioned a panel of EMS-interested specialists to develop a consensus statement that would help define the syndrome based on current knowledge. 20 During development of the consensus statement, contents of the working draft were presented and discussed at the ACVIM Annual Forum in Montreal, Canada and some of the following comments will be based on those discussions. 20 Ongoing experimental and clinical studies will help better define EMS (which is distinctly different to the human metabolic syndrome 21 ) in the next few years. D...

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Section: Diagnosis Of Equine Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Laminitis and the Equine Metabolic Syndrome

Johnson

Wiedmeyer

LaCarrubba

et al. 2010

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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“…Apesar de diversos estudos relatarem os principais efeitos fisiológicos mediados pela insulina, muitos mecanismos não são compreendidos por completo (FIRSHMAN;VALBERG, 2007).…”

Section: )unclassified

“…Já os glicocorticoides, promovem o catabolismo muscular e gliconeogênese. O excesso destes hormônios pode contribuir com a resistência à insulina em condições específicas, mas não está relacionado a maioria dos quadros de RI em humanos (FIRSHMAN;VALBERG, 2007;WALLER et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resistência à Insulinaunclassified

“…Assim como os protocolos de outros testes, o TTI também apresenta variações da técnica que dificultam a comparação entre resultados, sendo que a dose de insulina utilizada vai de 0,2 a 0,6 UI/Kg (FIRSHMAN;VALBERG, 2007).…”

Section: Teste De Tolerância à Insulinaunclassified

“…O crescente aumento do número de cavalos diagnosticados com resistência à insulina e as enfermidades correlatas, principalmente a síndrome metabólica equina e a laminite, justificam a necessidade de estabelecer meios diagnósticos capazes de identificar a resistência à insulina nos estágios iniciais da doença, a fim de evitar tais complicações (FIRSHMAN;VALBERG, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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<b>Avaliação da frutosamina em cavalos com e sem resistência à insulina</b>

Fernandes¹

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AGRADECIMENTOSA minha namorada Leticia Signori de Castro pelo companheirismo, "auxilio" no processamento das análises estatísticas e paciência que foram determinantes no cumprimento desta empreitada.A minha amada mestra e orientadora professora Dr. Carla Bargi Belli pela paciência, dedicação e eficiência na contenção de surtos do seu orientado.Aos funcionários do hospital veterinário Rosendo José Pires Neto, Gervásio Garcia da Silva, Felipe dos Santos Belau, José Antônio Lopes, Cícero Antônio da Silva e Marcos Roberto Rodrigues Alves, pelas piadas ruins, café das 7h e café das "aproximadamente" 14h que tornaram os dois últimos anos muito mais alegres.

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Endocrine and Metabolic Evaluation in Horses with Laminitis

Toribio¹,

Burns²

2016

Equine Laminitis

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Factors affecting clinical assessment of insulin sensitivity in horses

Cited by 106 publications

References 89 publications

Laminitis and the Equine Metabolic Syndrome

Laminitis and the Equine Metabolic Syndrome

<b>Avaliação da frutosamina em cavalos com e sem resistência à insulina</b>

Endocrine and Metabolic Evaluation in Horses with Laminitis

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