Factors Affecting Assessment of Parasitization by <i>Apanteles fumiferanae</i> Vier. and <i>Glypta fumiferanae</i> (Vier.) on Spruce Budworm Larvae

Lewis, Franklin B.

doi:10.4039/ent92881-12

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Parasitoids that cause their hosts to select different microhabitats could reduce predation or hyperparasitism (cf. McGugan, 1955;Lewis, 1960;Van Sickle and Weseloh, 1974). Lewis (1960) suggested that microhabitat differences were responsible for lower mortality of parasitized spruce budworm larvae (Choristoneura fumijerana [Clem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for Host Modification by Insect Parasitoids

Fritz¹

1982

Evolution

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these modifications may be adaptively significant, and promote the coevolution between the host and its parasitoid. Here I propose a hypothesis that extends Vinson's host regulation concept to explain the evolution of host modification by insect parasitoids. This hypothesis leads to predictions of the characteristics of hosts that should influence how parasitoids should modify their hosts. HYPOTHESISReproductive success of parasitoids, among other factors, is influenced by host mortality during the parasitoid's residence in the host (Price, 1974(Price, , 1975. I hypothesize that parasitoids alter host characteristics that reduce predation (or hyperparasitism) of parasitized hosts, thereby reducing the parasitoid's death rate. This hypothesized effect of a parasitoid on host survival is opposite to that documented by Holmes and Bethel (1972) for parasites, but the benefit accrued to the exploiter is the same: increased probability of reaching the adult stage and reproducing.This hypothesis does not imply that other factors in the insect host-parasitoid interaction are not selectively important. The relative importance of parasitoid control of predation of hosts will be related generally to host characteristics, and the control of host immune responses and conditioning of the hosts as food for parasitoid growth and development. Evidence for an effect of predation on hosts would be differential predation of parasitized and unparasitized hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for Host Modification by Insect Parasitoids

Fritz¹

1982

Evolution

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“…Host behaviour modification by insect parasitoids has generally been inferred, on the basis of differences in habitat distribution of parasitized and nonparasitized hosts (Lewis, 1960;Ehrlich, 1965;Tostowaryk, 1971;Shapiro, 1976), or within canopy distribution of caterpillars containing early and late instar parasitoid larvae (Stamp, 1981). However, these distributions could reflect patterns of parasitoid foraging behaviour rather than modified host behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host behaviour modification by the endoparasitoid Aphidius nigripes: a strategy to reduce hyperparasitism

Brodeur

McNeil

1992

Ecological Entomology

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Abstract. 1. One possible component of successful parasitism by insect parasitoids is the reduction of predation and hyperparasitism through the modification of host behaviour. 2. Just prior to death, potato aphids, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), containing diapausing larvae of the parasitoid Aphidius nigripes Ashmead have been shown to leave the host plant to mummify in concealed sites, while those parasitized by non‐diapausing individuals generally leave the aphid colony to mummify on the upper leaf surfaces. 3. The present study examines the within plant distribution of aphids and mummies containing non‐diapausing A.nigripes, and compares parasitoid survival among microhabitats under field conditions. 4. On potato, Solunum tuberosum L., a significant proportion of aphids were found on lower leaf surfaces, whereas mummies were usually on the upper surfaces, particularly in the apical stratum of the plant canopy. 5. In both field surveys and experimental manipulations, parasitoid survival was higher on the upper surface of apical leaves than in other microhabitats, due to lower levels of hyperparasitism and, to a lesser extent, lower predation. This suggests that the pressure exerted by natural enemies has influenced the evolution of host behaviour modification.

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“…fumiferanae readily attacks free-moving larvae but has difficulty in penetrating hosts in hibernacula with its short ovipositor, whereas Miller (1959) suggested that the opposite may be true. Lewis (1960) and Miller (1959) agreed that G . fumiferanae searched primarily for larvae in hibernacula.…”

Section: Hosts Attacked By Both Apanteles and Glyptamentioning

confidence: 90%

DISTRIBUTION OF OVIPOSITIONAL ATTACKS BY PARASITOIDS ON OVERWINTERING LARVAE OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

McLeod

1977

Can Entomol

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Can. Ent. 109: 789-796 (1977) Parasitism by Apanteles and Glypta spp. on spruce budworm in five localities in Quebec in 1975 was exceptionally high, averaging 52%. The frequency distribution of attacks of these species, and the outcome of inter-and intraspecific progeny competition are described, using dissection data. Superparasitism occurred on a Poisson distribution, but rates of multiparasitism lower than expected indicate interference between Apanteles and Glypta spp. ResumeDan cinq localites au Quebec en 1975, la moyenne du parasitisme par Apanteles et Glypta spp. sur la tordeuse des bourgeons d'tpinette etait de 52%, un taux de parasitisme exceptionnalement haut. La frequence de distribution des attaques de ces esptces et le resultat de la competition intra-et interspecifique de la proginiture de ces parasites sont decrites, au moyen de donntes de dissection. Le superparasitisme etait decrit par une distribution de Poisson, mais les taux de multiparasitisme, plus bas que prevus, indiquaient de I'interference entre Apanteles et Glypta spp.

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Factors Affecting Assessment of Parasitization by Apanteles fumiferanae Vier. and Glypta fumiferanae (Vier.) on Spruce Budworm Larvae

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Selection for Host Modification by Insect Parasitoids

Selection for Host Modification by Insect Parasitoids

Host behaviour modification by the endoparasitoid Aphidius nigripes: a strategy to reduce hyperparasitism

DISTRIBUTION OF OVIPOSITIONAL ATTACKS BY PARASITOIDS ON OVERWINTERING LARVAE OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

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