Factors Affecting Apple Leaf Scar Infection by Nectria galligena Conidia

Dubin, H. J.; English, H.

doi:10.1094/phyto-64-1201

Cited by 46 publications

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“…Conference no significant differences were observed in the lesion incidences between the three methods applied. We further confirmed that inoculum dose is an important parameter for establishing infections, as documented earlier (Dubin and English 1974;Van de Weg 1989;Weber 2014). …”

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confidence: 87%

Development of a method for detection of latent European fruit tree canker (Neonectria ditissima) infections in apple and pear nurseries

et al. 2016

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Fruit tree canker caused by Neonectria ditissima is a serious problem in apple-producing regions with moderate temperatures and high rainfall throughout the year; especially in northwestern Europe, Chile, and New Zealand. Control measures are applied to protect primary infection sites, mainly leaf scars, from invasion by external inoculum. However, latent infections may occur when young apple trees are infected symptomlessly during propagation. This study aimed to develop a method for detection of latent fruit tree canker infections. Inoculations with conidiospore suspensions of N. ditissima were carried out in tree nurseries on the main stems of two-year-old trees of three apple cultivars and one pear cultivar. The inoculations were carried out during the natural abscission period in the autumn. No visible lesion or canker formations were present at the time when the inoculated trees were uprooted. It appeared that the infections may remain latent during the period from infection to uprooting (2 months) and during the subsequent 4 months of cold storage of the trees. Nevertheless, symptoms were generally induced within 8 weeks after transfer of infecting planting material from the nursery field into a climate chamber with high temperature and high relative humidity. The methodology presented is developed to detect latent infections of N. ditissima in nursery trees, prior to planting in the orchards, and it may contribute in reducing the problem with European fruit tree canker in commercial production.

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confidence: 87%

Development of a method for detection of latent European fruit tree canker (Neonectria ditissima) infections in apple and pear nurseries

et al. 2016

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“…These injuries may be due to physiological changes due to the growth and development of plants or from the management techniques adopted. Scars caused by leaf fall in autumn are considered the most important natural openings for disease development (Dubin & English 1974;Latorre et al 2002;Weber 2014), but other injuries are also important, such as those resulting from pruning and harvesting. The objective of this study was to better understand the susceptibility of apple trees to N. ditissima infection throughout the year, under field conditions, in southern Brazil.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal susceptibility of apple trees to <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> wound infections

Alves

Nunes

2017

NZPP

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European canker, caused by Neonectria ditissima, is an important disease of apple in the temperate climate of southern Brazil. Monthly inoculations of this fungus were carried out on various wound types on cvs 'Gala' and 'Fuji' over two productive cycles to better understand the seasonal susceptibility of apple trees. Wound types were: bud scars (September), petal scars (October), fruit-thinning scars (November), leaf scars (from November to May), fruit-picking wound scars for 'Gala' (February) and 'Fuji' (March), and pruning wounds (June to August). One hundred plants of each cultivar were used and inoculation sites were monitored periodically for symptom expression. At each assessment, visible lesions were counted and pruned, and wounds were painted. Differences in wound susceptibility occurred throughout the year. Most lesions resulted from inoculations of pruning wounds. Inoculations performed in spring on bud and petal scars resulted in lower disease expression than inoculations later in the season.

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“…Inoculum control is a very important aspect in European canker disease control. As the number of spores on a wound increase, so does tissue susceptibility to infection (Dubin & English 1974b;Walter et al 2016). Inoculum control is primarily achieved by frequent and timely lesion removal, with ongoing monitoring required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of biological and agrichemical products for control of <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> conidia production

Walter

Campbell

Amponsah³

et al. 2017

NZPP

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Inoculum control is critical in containing Neonectria ditissima but no agrichemical treatments are currently available to protect picking wounds during harvesting. Inhibition of conidia production was tested using a range of chemical-based pruning paints (PP) in a field trial in 2015. Mainly Bacillus subtilis-containing, biological products (BP) were tested at the same site in 2016. The BP were also tested in a detached-lesion experiment. Spore-producing field lesions were painted with the products and spore release monitored using glass slides after each rain event. For the detached-lesion study, spore production was monitored using rain traps after weekly artificial rain events. Reduced sporulation was observed in all experiments, but not for all treatments. Some PP created a physical barrier that sealed spores in, with lesions continuing to develop below the paint. No lesion healing was observed from any product in either year, with lesion length increasing for all treatments during the experiments.

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Factors Affecting Apple Leaf Scar Infection by Nectria galligena Conidia

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Development of a method for detection of latent European fruit tree canker (Neonectria ditissima) infections in apple and pear nurseries

Development of a method for detection of latent European fruit tree canker (Neonectria ditissima) infections in apple and pear nurseries

Seasonal susceptibility of apple trees to <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> wound infections

Evaluation of biological and agrichemical products for control of <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> conidia production

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