Factorial invariance of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms across three veteran samples

McDonald, Scott D.; Beckham, Jean C.; Morey, Rajendra A.; Marx, Christine E.; Tupler, Larry A.; Calhoun, Patrick S.

doi:10.1002/jts.20344

Cited by 66 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The model reflects evidence demonstrating that avoidance and numbing are differentially related to psychopathology measures and post-treatment outcomes, and differentially predict poor treatment response prior to treatment initiation (reviewed in Asmundson et al, 2004). Numerous confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) studies have found empirical support for the Emotional Numbing model in various trauma-exposed samples of adults (most recently in Elhai, Grubaugh, Kashdan, & Frueh, 2008;Elhai, Palmieri, Biehn, Frueh, & Magruder, in press;Grubaugh, Long, Elhai, Frueh, & Magruder, 2010;Mansfield, Williams, Hourani, & Babeu, 2010;McDonald et al, 2008;Naifeh, Elhai, Kashdan, & Grubaugh, 2008;Palmieri, Marshall, & Schell, 2007a;Palmieri, Weathers, Difede, & King, 2007b) and adolescents (Saul, Grant, & Carter, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evidence for a unique PTSD construct represented by PTSD's D1–D3 symptoms

Elhai

Biehn

Armour

et al. 2011

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

268

323

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Two models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have received the most empirical support in confirmatory factor analytic studies: King, Leskin, King, and Weathers' (1998) Emotional Numbing model of reexperiencing, avoidance, emotional numbing and hyperarousal; and Simms, Watson, and Doebbeling's (2002) Dysphoria model of reexperiencing, avoidance, dysphoria and hyperarousal. These models only differ in placement of three PTSD symptoms: sleep problems (D1), irritability (D2), and concentration problems (D3). In the present study, we recruited 252 women victims of domestic violence and tested whether there is empirical support to separate these three PTSD symptoms into a fifth factor, while retaining the Emotional Numbing and Dysphoria models' remaining four factors. Confirmatory factor analytic findings demonstrated that separating the three symptoms into a separate factor significantly enhanced model fit for the Emotional Numbing and Dysphoria models. These three symptoms may represent a unique latent construct. Implications are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evidence for a unique PTSD construct represented by PTSD's D1–D3 symptoms

Elhai

Biehn

Armour

et al. 2011

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

268

323

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, neither of the four-factor models seems to fit best across studies. Some studies have found support for the King et al model (e.g., Elhai et al 2009a;Hoyt and Yeater 2010;Mansfield et al 2010;McDonald et al 2008;Naifeh et al 2008), while others yielded evidence in favor of the Simms et al model (e.g., Armour and Shevlin 2010;Carragher et al 2010;Elklit et al 2010;Naifeh et al 2010;Pietrzak et al 2010;Yufik and Simms 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Structure in Chinese Adolescents Exposed to a Deadly Earthquake

Wang

Long

et al. 2011

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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This present study examined the structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a large sample of Chinese adolescents exposed to a deadly earthquake. A total of 2,800 middle school students aged 12 to 18 years participated in the study 6 months after the "Wenchuan Earthquake". Results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a five-factor intercorrelated model composed of intrusion, avoidance, numbing, dysphoric arousal, and anxious arousal, fit data significantly better than both the four-factor numbing model King et al. (Psychological Assessment 10:90-96, 1998) and the four-factor dysphoria model Simms et al. (Journal of Abnormal Psychology 111:637-647, 2002). Further examination of the external convergent and discriminant validity revealed that except for the dysphoric arousal factor, the remaining four PTSD factors yielded significantly different correlations with external measures of anxiety vs. depression. The findings add to the limited literature on the factor structure of PTSD in youths and on the five-factor PTSD model. In addition, they provide more detail into the latent psychopathological processes of PTSD, and inform the forthcoming DSM-5.

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“…For example, the factorial invariance of models of PTSD has been evaluated across groups that differ in their native language (Marshall, 2004;Norris, Perilla, & Murphy, 2001), military deployment status (Mansfield, Williams, Hourani, & Babeu, 2010;Simms et al, 2002), and era of military service combined with treatment-seeking status (McDonald et al, 2008). Of particular note, few studies have conducted comprehensive measurement invariance testing, but instead have tested for model invariance in one or two focal model parameters (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%