Factorial design optimized green reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of aspirin and clopidogrel in pharmaceutical tablets

A.Rashad, Ethar.; Elsayed, Samar S.; Nasr, Jenny Jeehan; Ibrahim, F.

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2023.108610

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…It should be noted that offline sampling and sample transfer to the analysis laboratory are mandatory for QC laboratories to achieve separation of pharmaceutical production and QC sites [41]. Moreover, the generated waste during sample preparation and chromatographic separation mainly consists of ethanol, which is considered a safe and green solvent [42,43].…”

Section: Greenness Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A green liquid chromatographic method using ethanol in mobile phase for the determination of nimesulide and naproxen in gel formulations

YILDIRIM

2023

Turkish Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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Dеtеrmination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in pharmacеutical formulations hеlps to еnsurе that thеy arе manufacturеd to thе corrеct spеcifications. Consequently, simple, reliable, and environmentally friendly analytical methods are needed for the quality control of NSAID formulations. In this study, a novel and green liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of nimesulide (NIM) and naproxen (NAP) in gel formulations by employing ethanol as a green alternative to hazardous methanol and acetonitrile. The high viscosity of ethanol was compensated by employing a Chromolith HighResolution RP18e monolithic column (100 × 4.6 mm) with low flow resistance. Box-Behnken design with desirability function was employed for the optimization of selected significant parameters: pH (2.8-4), ethanol ratio in the mobile phase (35-55%), and flow rate (0.7-1.5 mL/min). Under optimum conditions, satisfactory separation of analytes was achieved within 5 min. Calibration curves for both analytes were linear between 1-50 μg/mL. Accuracies of intra- and inter-day experiments at low-, middle-, and high-quality control levels ranged from 99.0-101.5% with relative standard deviation values lower than 2.3%. The limits of detection were 0.27 and 0.62 µg/mL for NIM and NAP, respectively. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by analyzing gel formulations. The results of this study indicated that monolithic columns in combination with ethanol as a mobile phase component could be considered a desirable and green alternative for the routine analysis of NSAIDs in quality control laboratories.

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Section: Greenness Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A green liquid chromatographic method using ethanol in mobile phase for the determination of nimesulide and naproxen in gel formulations

YILDIRIM

2023

Turkish Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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Eco-Friendly Synchronous Spectrofluorimetric Method for Simultaneous Determination of Remdesivir and Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Spiked Human Plasma

aboelghar,

Hegazy,

Wagdy

2024

J Fluoresc

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Remdesivir and acetyl salicylic acid are often co-administered medications in the treatment of COVID-19, specifically targeting the viral infection and thromboembolism associated with the condition. Hence, it is essential to establish a technique that enables the concurrent quantification of these pharmaceutical compounds in plasma while also keeping environmentally friendly methods. Accordingly, the aim of this work is to simultaneously determine remdesivir and acetyl salicylic acid through a bioanalytical validated synchronous spectrofluorimetric method with applying principles of green chemistry. Since, the two drugs showed severe overlap after excitation at 242.0 nm, 284.0 nm for remdesivir and acetyl salicylic acid, respectively. The overlap was effectively overcome by using synchronous mode with a wavelength difference (Δλ) of 160.0 nm for remdesivir and 100.0 nm for acetyl salicylic acid. Different parameters have been optimized such as Δλ, solvent, pH and surfactant. A linear calibration was obtained over the concentration range 0.01–4.00 µg/mL for remdesivir and 0.01–3.00 µg/mL for acetyl salicylic acid and the method was precise and accurate. The method was successfully used for the investigation of pharmaceutical formulation and the quantification of the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of the two drugs. The method has been evaluated as an excellent green analytical method based on three greenness assessment tools.

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A facile method for studying competitive sorption from binary mixtures of dyes

Filho,

Cavalcante,

Brizola

et al. 2023

Colloids and Surfaces C: Environmental Aspects

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Factorial design optimized green reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of aspirin and clopidogrel in pharmaceutical tablets

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

A green liquid chromatographic method using ethanol in mobile phase for the determination of nimesulide and naproxen in gel formulations

A green liquid chromatographic method using ethanol in mobile phase for the determination of nimesulide and naproxen in gel formulations

Eco-Friendly Synchronous Spectrofluorimetric Method for Simultaneous Determination of Remdesivir and Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Spiked Human Plasma

A facile method for studying competitive sorption from binary mixtures of dyes

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