Factor structure of the Spanish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 in Mexican women

Familiar, Itziar; Ortíz-Panozo, Eduardo; Hall, Brian J.; Vieitez, Isabel; Romieu, Isabelle; López‐Ridaura, Ruy; Lajous, Martín

doi:10.1002/mpr.1461

Cited by 73 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This study is the first report of the validity and reliability of the PHQ‐2 and PHQ‐9 as screening and diagnostic instruments for depression in rural Spanish‐speaking populations in Mexico and elsewhere. Familiar and colleagues () previously validated the PHQ‐9 among educated women teachers in Mexico; we expand on their work to fill a knowledge gap regarding the generalizability of their findings and offer strong evidence for the validity and reliability of the PHQ‐9 among men and less educated adults in rural Mexico.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Validity and Utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 and PHQ-9 for Screening and Diagnosis of Depression in Rural Chiapas, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundDepressive disorders are frequently under diagnosed in resource‐limited settings because of lack of access to mental health care or the inability of healthcare providers to recognize them. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)‐2 and the PHQ‐9 have been widely used for screening and diagnosis of depression in primary care settings; however, the validity of their use in rural, Spanish‐speaking populations is unknown.MethodWe used a cross‐sectional design to assess the psychometric properties of the PHQ‐9 for depression diagnosis and estimated the sensitivity and specificity of the PHQ‐2 for depression screening. Data were collected from 223 adults in a rural community of Chiapas, Mexico, using the PHQ‐2, the PHQ‐9, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF Scale (WHOQOL‐ BREF).ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis suggested that the 1‐factor structure fit reasonably well. The internal consistency of the PHQ‐9 was good (Cronbach's alpha > = 0.8) overall and for subgroups defined by gender, literacy, and age. The PHQ‐9 demonstrated good predictive validity: Participants with a PHQ‐9 diagnosis of depression had lower quality of life scores on the overall WHOQOL‐BREF Scale and each of its domains. Using the PHQ‐9 results as a gold standard, the optimal PHQ‐2 cutoff score for screening of depression was 3 (sensitivity 80.00%, specificity 86.88%, area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [0.84, 0.94]).ConclusionThe PHQ‐2 and PHQ‐9 demonstrated good psychometric properties, suggesting their potential benefit as tools for depression screening and diagnosis in rural, Spanish‐speaking populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Validity and Utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 and PHQ-9 for Screening and Diagnosis of Depression in Rural Chiapas, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2017

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“…This instrument has been validated by classical test theory and item response theory models, and the Spanish version of PHQ-9 was shown to measure one underlying construct (i.e., depression) when used among Peruvian women 13 . The Spanish version of PHQ-9 has also been demonstrated to have good internal consistency in a large sample of Mexican women 19 . Notably, the ability of each item of PHQ-9 to capture one unique feature of depression has been shown to be independent of age, education attainment, and employment status 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Frequency of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Mexican Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Determined by Self-Administered Questionnaires Adapted to the Spanish Language

Perez-Garcia

Silveira

Moreno-Ramírez

et al. 2019

RIC

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Background: The frequency of depression and anxiety symptoms in Spanish-speaking patients suffering from rheumatic conditions is unknown when using self-administered detection tools. Methods: A single-center, cross-sectional survey including 413 patients (341 women) with well-defined rheumatic diseases was conducted. The patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)-7 questionnaires were used to detect depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Results: A total of 193 patients (46.7%) reported depression symptoms, and increased PHQ-9 scores were more frequently observed in women than in men (23% vs. 13%; p = 0.038), particularly in association with osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, Sjögren's syndrome, and osteoporosis. From 88 patients (21.3%) with PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10 points (moderate-to-severe depression symptoms), 27 (30.6%) were previously diagnosed to have depression and only four were under antidepressant treatment. Anxiety symptoms were observed in 168 patients (40.6%) and classified as moderate-to-severe by elevated GAD-7 scores in 68 subjects (16.4%). Of them, 12 (17.6%) were previously diagnosed with GAD, but only 4 (5.8%) were under therapy. Conclusions: An unexpected and unusually high frequency of undiagnosed depression and anxiety symptoms was found in rheumatic patients. Self-administered screening tools adapted to the Spanish language are useful and may help clinicians to suspect these conditions.

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“…GECo study included a random sample of the 3,500 individuals drawn from the general population to screen for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During the initial visit, individuals were screened for COPD, and simultaneously, trained eldworkers administered several health questionnaires, included the Spanish validated versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to assess depression and anxiety symptoms (20,21). Individuals with active pulmonary tuberculosis, or who were unable to perform spirometry due to severe cognitive or physical impairment, or had myocardial infarction or had eye, thoracic, or abdominal surgery in the previous 3 months, were excluded.…”

Section: Sample Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"We can’t carry the weight of the whole world": Illness experiences among Peruvian older adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety

Flores-Flores

Zevallos-Morales

Carrión

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Despite the high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms in old age, the use of mental health services in this population is low. Help-seeking behaviors are shaped by how an individual perceives and experiences their illness. The objective of this study was to characterize the illness experiences of Peruvian older adults with depression and anxiety symptoms in order to lay the foundation for tailored community-based mental health interventions.Methods: In this qualitative study, we conducted in-depth interviews with a purposively selected sample of older adults (≥ 60 years) from peri-urban areas of Lima, Peru. We included individuals with only depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ≥ 10), only anxiety symptoms (Beck Anxiety Inventory ≥ 16), with depressive and anxiety symptoms, and older adults who mentioned they had received mental health treatment/care. The interview guide included the following topics: perceptions and experiences about depression and anxiety; perceptions about the relationship between physical chronic diseases and mental health; experiences with mental health professionals and treatments, and coping mechanisms. Data collection was conducted between October 2018 and February 2019. Results: We interviewed 38 participants (23 women, 15 men) with a mean age of 67.9 years. Participants’ ideas and perceptions of depression and anxiety showed considerable overlap. Participants attributed depression and anxiety mainly to familial and financial problems, loneliness, loss of independence and past traumatic experiences. Coping strategies used by older adults included ‘self-reflection and adaptation’ to circumstances, ‘do your part’, and seeking ‘emotional support’ mainly from non-professionals (relatives, friends, acquaintances, and religion). Conclusions: Illness experiences of depression and anxiety set the pathway for tailored community-based mental health interventions for older adults. Overlapping narratives and perceptions of depression and anxiety suggest that these conditions should be addressed together. Mental health interventions should incorporate addressing areas related to depression and anxiety such as prevention of loss of independence, trauma, and loneliness. Good acceptability of receiving emotional support for non-professionals might offer an opportunity to incorporate them when delivering mental health care to older adults.

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Factor structure of the Spanish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 in Mexican women

Cited by 73 publications

References 33 publications

Validity and Utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 and PHQ-9 for Screening and Diagnosis of Depression in Rural Chiapas, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

Validity and Utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 and PHQ-9 for Screening and Diagnosis of Depression in Rural Chiapas, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frequency of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Mexican Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Determined by Self-Administered Questionnaires Adapted to the Spanish Language

"We can’t carry the weight of the whole world": Illness experiences among Peruvian older adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety

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