Factor Structure of the Brief Addiction Monitor in a Non-Veteran Substance Use Disorder Outpatient Treatment Sample

Schumm, Jeremiah A.; Wong, Celeste; Okrant, Elisabeth; Tharp, Jordan A.; Embree, Jared; Lester, Natalie

doi:10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100125

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Further, more strict longitudinal measurement invariance assumptions were met for the 4-factor structure (scalar invariance), but not the 3-factor structure. In the only psychometric evaluation of the BAM-R with a non-Veteran sample (to our knowledge), Schumm et al. (2022) also found the 4-factor model was superior to the 3-factor model and varied internal consistency estimates across subscales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Towards shortening the Brief Addiction Monitor-Revised (BAM-R)

Blanchard

Lynch

Malte

et al. 2023

Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Towards shortening the Brief Addiction Monitor-Revised (BAM-R)

Blanchard

Lynch

Malte

et al. 2023

Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports

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“…19 Although we have routinely used BAM in our practice for several years, newer evidence suggests that it may not perform well in a non-veteran population. 20 Core requirements for the program are taking buprenorphine as prescribed, attending scheduled visits, and providing on-demand urine toxicology tests. However, patients who engaged with individual, group, or peer-support therapy may have had improved outcomes due to either self-selection and different characteristics or a treatment effect.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Although we have routinely used BAM in our practice for several years, newer evidence suggests that it may not perform well in a non-veteran population. 20…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the One-Month Effectiveness of Telehealth Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Using the Brief Addiction Monitor

Burke,

Clear,

Rollston

et al. 2023

Substance Use & Addiction Journal

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Objectives: Telehealth treatment with medication for opioid use disorder (teleMOUD) was made possible with regulations following the COVID-19 pandemic that permitted prescribing buprenorphine without an in-person visit. This study evaluates the self-reported outcomes of patients treated by teleMOUD using the Brief Addiction Monitor (BAM), a 17-question tool that assesses drug use, cravings, physical and psychological health, and psychosocial factors to produce 3 subset scores: substance use, risk factors, and protective factors. Methods: Patients treated by a teleMOUD provider group operating in >30 states were asked to complete an app-based version of BAM at enrollment and at 1 month. Patients who completed both assessments between June 2022 and March 2023 were included. Results: A total of 2556 patients completed an enrollment BAM and 1447 completed both assessments. Mean number of days from baseline BAM to follow-up was 26.7 days. Changes were significantly different across most questions. The substance use subscale decreased from mean 2.6 to 0.8 ( P < .001), the risk factors subscale decreased from mean 10.3 to 7.5 ( P < .001), and the protective factors subscale increased from mean 14.3 to 15.0. ( P < .001). Substance use and risk factor subscale changes were significant across all sex and age groups, while protective factors subscale did not improve for those <25 and >54 years. Patient reports of at least 1 day of illegal use or misuse decreased, including marijuana (28.1% vs 9.0%), cocaine/crack (3.9% vs 2.6%), and opioids (49.8% vs 10.5%). Conclusions: Among patients treated by teleMOUD who completed assessments at enrollment and 1 month, there was improvement in drug use, risk factor, and protective factor scores.

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“…All capture the fundamental notion that recovery is multidimensional and primarily reflects changes that occur outside of treatment [ 3 , 14 , 32 , 33 ]. Yet, gaps remain [ 34 ], including the generalizability of the populations tested [ 35 ]. Further, the domains and items differ across the existing measures, and none are comprehensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Brief Addiction Monitor (BAM) instrument developed by the Veterans’ Association is a 17-item instrument that measures subdomains: risk factors for substance use, protective factors for sobriety, and drug and alcohol use [ 30 ]. The BAM does not provide a psychometrically valid score [ 35 , 37 ], but can be used to look at changes across domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an addiction recovery patient-reported outcome measure: Response to Addiction Recovery (R2AR)

Okrant,

Reif,

Horgan

2023

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background Recovery, a primary goal of addiction treatment, goes beyond abstinence. Incorporating broad domains with key elements that vary across individuals, recovery is a difficult concept to measure. Most addiction-related quality measurement has emphasized process measures, which limits evaluation of treatment quality and long-term outcomes, whereas patient-reported outcomes are richer and nuanced. To address these gaps, this study developed and tested a patient-reported outcome measure for addiction recovery, named Response to Addiction Recovery (R2AR). Methods A multi-stage mixed methods approach followed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measure development standard. People with lived experience (PWLE) of addiction, treatment providers, and other experts contributed to item distillation and iterative measure refinement. From an item bank of 356 unique items, 57 items were tested via survey and interviews, followed by focus groups and cognitive interviews. Results Face validity was demonstrated throughout. PWLE rated item importance higher and with greater variance than providers, yet both agreed that “There are more important things to me in my life than using substances” was the most important item. The final R2AR instrument has 19 items across 8 recovery domains, spanning early, active, and long-term recovery phases. Respondents assess agreement for each item as (1) a strength, and (2) importance to ongoing recovery. Conclusion R2AR allows PWLE to define what is important to their recovery. It is designed to support treatment planning as part of clinical workflows and to track recovery progress. Inclusion of PWLE and providers in the development process enhances its face validity. Including PWLE in the development of R2AR and using the tool to guide recovery planning emphasizes the importance of patient-centeredness in designing clinical tools and involving patients in their own care.

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Factor Structure of the Brief Addiction Monitor in a Non-Veteran Substance Use Disorder Outpatient Treatment Sample

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Towards shortening the Brief Addiction Monitor-Revised (BAM-R)

Towards shortening the Brief Addiction Monitor-Revised (BAM-R)

An Assessment of the One-Month Effectiveness of Telehealth Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Using the Brief Addiction Monitor

Development of an addiction recovery patient-reported outcome measure: Response to Addiction Recovery (R2AR)

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