Facing competition: Neural mechanisms underlying parallel programming of antisaccades and prosaccades

Talanow, Tobias; Kasparbauer, Anna-Maria; Steffens, Maria; Meyhöfer, Inga; Weber, Bernd; Smyrnis, Nikolaos; Ettinger, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2016.05.006

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…It shows strong functional connectivity within the fronto-parietal network in resting state studies (Koval, Hutchison, Lomber, & Everling, 2014) projecting directly and indirectly to SC to mediate top-down resting and excitatory control over SC neurons (Johnston et al, 2014). Others have shown that components of the default mode network including the middle temporal gyrus and the inferior parietal cortex, as well as the parahippocampus, are also involved in active antisaccade generation (Domagalik et al, 2012; Talanow et al, 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In healthy human participants, antisaccade error rate and the latency of correct antisaccades have been associated with task-related changes in fronto-thalamo-parietal networks during active task performance (Herweg et al, 2014; Jamadar, Johnson, Clough, Egan, & Fielding, 2015; Polli et al, 2005; Talanow et al, 2016). Resting state activity has only recently been related to antisaccade performance in healthy participants (Jamadar, Egan, Calhoun, Johnson, & Fielding, 2016; Marek, Hwang, Foran, Hallquist, & Luna, 2015) revealing associations of antisaccade error rate and response latency with modulations of resting state activity in orbitofrontal and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex as well as medial premotor regions (Cieslik, Seidler, Laird, Fox, & Eickhoff, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in intrinsic fronto‐thalamo‐parietal connectivity are associated with cognitive control deficits in psychotic disorders

Lencer

Yao

Reilly

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Despite a growing number of reports about alterations in intrinsic/resting brain activity observed in patients with psychotic disorders, their relevance to well-established cognitive control deficits in this patient group is not well understood. Totally 88 clinically stabilized patients with a psychotic disorder and 50 healthy controls participated in a resting-state magnetic resonance imaging study (rs-MRI) and performed an antisaccade task in the laboratory to assess voluntary inhibitory control ability. Deficits on this task are a well-established biomarker across psychotic disorders as we found in the present patient sample. First, regional cerebral function was evaluated by measuring the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in rs-MRI BOLD signals. We found reduced ALFF in patients in regions known to be relevant to antisaccade task performance including bilateral frontal eye fields (FEF), supplementary eye fields (SEF) and thalamus. Second, areas with ALFF alterations were used as seed areas in whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Altered FC was observed in a fronto-thalamo-parietal network that was associated with inhibition error rate in patients but not in controls. In contrast, faster time to generate a correct antisaccade was associated with FC in FEF and SEF in controls but this effect was not seen in patients. These findings establish a behavioral relevance of resting-state fMRI findings in psychotic disorders, and extend previous reports of alterations in fronto-thalamo-parietal network activation during antisaccade performance seen in task-based fMRI studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alterations in intrinsic fronto‐thalamo‐parietal connectivity are associated with cognitive control deficits in psychotic disorders

Lencer

Yao

Reilly

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…An increased rate of direction errors in the antisaccade task in schizophrenia is considered to be a marker of response inhibition failure (Clementz, 1998;Hutton & Ettinger, 2006). Concerning the cognitive mechanisms underlying the inhibition of erroneous prosaccades, early approaches assumed sequential processing in successful antisaccade trials, suggesting that the reflex-like prosaccade is first inhibited by processes of goal redefinition, a cancellation signal or an inhibitory signal, before an antisaccade is programmed (Talanow et al, 2016). More recent models, however, emphasize the parallel nature of saccade programming, in line with competition models of inhibitory control (Cutsuridis, Kahramanoglou, Perantonis, Evdokimidis, & Smyrnis, 2005;Talanow et al, 2016).…”

Section: Patients With Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the cognitive mechanisms underlying the inhibition of erroneous prosaccades, early approaches assumed sequential processing in successful antisaccade trials, suggesting that the reflex-like prosaccade is first inhibited by processes of goal redefinition, a cancellation signal or an inhibitory signal, before an antisaccade is programmed (Talanow et al, 2016). More recent models, however, emphasize the parallel nature of saccade programming, in line with competition models of inhibitory control (Cutsuridis, Kahramanoglou, Perantonis, Evdokimidis, & Smyrnis, 2005;Talanow et al, 2016). Competition models postulate that coordinates for the exogenously triggered prosaccade and the endogenously initiated antisaccade are programmed immediately after the stimulus is presented, with the stronger or more efficient of the two programs winning the competition.…”

Section: Patients With Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Response inhibition and interference control: Effects of schizophrenia, genetic risk, and schizotypy

Ettinger

Aichert²,

Wöstmann³

et al. 2017

Journal of Neuropsychology

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The ability to inhibit inappropriate responses and suppress irrelevant information is a core feature of executive control. In this study, we provide a detailed analysis of prepotent response inhibition and interference in patients with schizophrenia. To further test the role of genetic factors and subclinical schizophrenia-like traits, we additionally studied clinically unaffected, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients and assessed dimensions of schizotypy in both relatives and healthy controls. Inhibition and interference control were assessed using a battery comprising the antisaccade, Stroop, stop signal, go/no-go, flanker, and Simon tasks. Schizophrenia patients differed from both relatives and controls in making more errors on the antisaccade task and having longer response times on the Stroop task, especially the incongruent condition. Patients also had general, that is, condition independent, increases in reaction times on the go/no-go and flanker tasks and made more errors on the flanker and Simon tasks, suggesting general performance impairments independent of inhibitory demand. Relatives were characterized by hypometric antisaccade amplitude gain despite normal prosaccades, suggesting a selective deficit in non-standard sensorimotor transformations. Schizotypy was correlated with inhibitory performance across a number of tasks in both relatives and controls. Generally, these effects were independent of verbal intelligence levels. Overall, the findings point to rather selective impairments of inhibitory control in the schizophrenia spectrum and confirm a previously observed deficit in antisaccade spatial accuracy as an endophenotype of schizophrenia.

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Effects of nicotine on response inhibition and interference control

et al. 2017

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Nicotine is a cholinergic agonist with known pro-cognitive effects in the domains of alerting and orienting attention. However, its effects on attentional top-down functions such as response inhibition and interference control are less well characterised. Here, we investigated the effects of 7 mg transdermal nicotine on performance on a battery of response inhibition and interference control tasks. A sample of N = 44 healthy adult non-smokers performed antisaccade, stop signal, Stroop, go/no-go, flanker, shape matching and Simon tasks, as well as the attentional network test (ANT) and a continuous performance task (CPT). Nicotine was administered in a within-subjects, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, with order of drug administration counterbalanced. Relative to placebo, nicotine led to significantly shorter reaction times on a prosaccade task and on CPT hits but did not significantly improve inhibitory or interference control performance on any task. Instead, nicotine had a negative influence in increasing the interference effect on the Simon task. Nicotine did not alter inter-individual associations between reaction times on congruent trials and error rates on incongruent trials on any task. Finally, there were effects involving order of drug administration, suggesting practice effects but also beneficial nicotine effects when the compound was administered first. Overall, our findings support previous studies showing positive effects of nicotine on basic attentional functions but do not provide direct evidence for an improvement of top-down cognitive control through acute administration of nicotine at this dose in healthy non-smokers.

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Facing competition: Neural mechanisms underlying parallel programming of antisaccades and prosaccades

Cited by 11 publications

References 70 publications

Alterations in intrinsic fronto‐thalamo‐parietal connectivity are associated with cognitive control deficits in psychotic disorders

Alterations in intrinsic fronto‐thalamo‐parietal connectivity are associated with cognitive control deficits in psychotic disorders

Response inhibition and interference control: Effects of schizophrenia, genetic risk, and schizotypy

Effects of nicotine on response inhibition and interference control

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