Facilitation of maternal transport by Norway rat pups.

Brewster, JoAnne; Leon, Michael

doi:10.1037/h0077645

Cited by 78 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Instead, the mother mouse uses her mouth to grasp a bit of skin at the back of the mouse pup's neck (Figure 2). Researchers were able to recreate this grip by pinching this same spot [3][4][5][6]. This way, the researchers had more control over the experiment.…”

Section: How Does the Tr Work?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can I Make My Younger Sibling Stop Crying?

Truzzi¹,

Esposito²,

Coppola³

2016

Front. Young Minds.

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When a baby will not stop crying, it can be frustrating. One well-known trick parents use is holding the child and walking around for a while. We are just now finding out why this trick works. It has to do with what happens in two different parts of the brain: the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and the cerebellum. The PNS is the brain's relaxation command center. When babies are carried, the PNS relaxes their bodies (by dropping the heart rate), which gradually calms them down and stops their crying. Also, carrying triggers the cerebellum, which controls movement and makes the babies physically adjust, for example, by bending their legs to the person carrying them. Understanding how the brain works will teach us how to better soothe babies. In turn, the people taking care of the babies will be more relaxed, which will improve health, happiness, and parent-child relationships.

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Section: How Does the Tr Work?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can I Make My Younger Sibling Stop Crying?

Truzzi¹,

Esposito²,

Coppola³

2016

Front. Young Minds.

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show abstract

“…When a pup is grasped for transport by the mother, the pup characteristically responds by reducing its general activity (i .e ., by reducing its struggling) and then actively flexes and adducts its hindlimbs and extends and adducts its forelimbs as the mother grasps the nape of its neck. The ecological value of the pup's response is that it produces a compact package for transport (Brewster & Leon, 1980). The transport response in the infant is most effectively elicited by the mother's grasping the infant's dorsal surface, but it can also be induced by the experimenter's pinch on the infant 's dorsal surface (Brewster & Leon, 1980).…”

Section: Sam Houston State University Huntsville Texasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ecological value of the pup's response is that it produces a compact package for transport (Brewster & Leon, 1980). The transport response in the infant is most effectively elicited by the mother's grasping the infant's dorsal surface, but it can also be induced by the experimenter's pinch on the infant 's dorsal surface (Brewster & Leon, 1980). Wilson (1988) has reported that when a grasp or pinch on a pup's dorsal surface proves to be an inadequate stimulus in producing a strong transport response, the response may be induced or potentiated by giving the pup additional tactile stimulation in the form of an air puff, water puff, or tailpinch.…”

Section: Sam Houston State University Huntsville Texasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scoring of the responses followed the schema proposed by Brewster and Leon (1980). Each pup's response was graded on a scale ofO-5, with 1 point being awarded for each forelimb, hindlimb, and/or tail that the pup brought into contact with its ventral surface.…”

Section: Response Scoring and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In very young nonprecocial animals, these behaviors must be coordinated with the mothers' behaviors to ensure the infant's survival. Brewster and Leon (1980) have described such an interaction between infant rats and their mothers. When a pup is grasped for transport by the mother, the pup characteristically responds by reducing its general activity (i .e ., by reducing its struggling) and then actively flexes and adducts its hindlimbs and extends and adducts its forelimbs as the mother grasps the nape of its neck.…”

Section: Sam Houston State University Huntsville Texasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potentiation of the transport response with supplemental stimulation in white rats

Wilson

Gibson

1991

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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An experiment was performed to investigate the effects of various smells combined with tactile stimulation on the transport response in white rats. Thirty-eight 16-day-old rats were lightly suspended by the nape of the neck with a spring-mechanized clothespin. They then were given a series of stimulus presentations in an attempt to induce the transport response. Results showed that gently rubbing the mother against the pup's snout or receiving a puff of water from an atomizer were effective in inducing the response. Also effective in inducing a response were having the pup's snout gently rubbed with a brush inundated with the dam's hair, being stroked with a brush inundated with dog hair, and being presented with the smell of orange extract while being brushed with a clean brush. Having the snout brushed with a clean brush with no addi· tional stimulus did not produce a statistically reliable increase in transport-response intensity over a no-stimulus condition.

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Behavioral correlates of learned aggression in male mice

Kudryavtseva

Bondar

Alekseyenko

2000

Aggressive Behavior

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The aims of this paper are to study the aggressive behavior in male mice with consecutive experience of victories in 2, 10, and 20 days (T2, T10, and T20 winners) of daily agonistic confrontations under the sensory contact model and to determine the most probable behavioral domains that should be used as animal models for learned aggression in humans. It has been shown that the structure of winners' behavior changes from test to test: the attacking behavior prevailed (81% of the total time) in the behavior of T2 winners. Attacks and diggings (herein: digging up and scattering the litter on the partner' territory) prevailed in the behavior of T10 winners (each approximately 40%). T20 winners demonstrated aggressive grooming half of the testing time and digging behavior 25% of the time. Correlational analysis revealed that the number of significant correlations between the behavioral domains (attacking, digging, aggressive grooming, self‐grooming, threats, rotations) and between different behavioral parameters (latency, number, total and average time) of one behavioral domain are growing from the second test to twentieth test, and the relationships between the behavioral domains change qualitatively. The following may be regarded as elements of learned aggression in male mice: (1) appearance of aggressive grooming instead of the intensive attacking behavior and (2) involvement of the digging behavior in the hostile behavior together with the threats and attacking behavior. Negative correlations between parameters of the behavioral domains may testify to the replacement of one behavioral pattern by another and reflect learned behavior. Positive correlations between certain behavioral domains may reflect the formation of a common motivational background for the winners' behavior. Aggr. Behav. 26:386–400, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Facilitation of maternal transport by Norway rat pups.

Cited by 78 publications

References 7 publications

How Can I Make My Younger Sibling Stop Crying?

How Can I Make My Younger Sibling Stop Crying?

Potentiation of the transport response with supplemental stimulation in white rats

Behavioral correlates of learned aggression in male mice

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