Facilitating Remote Design Thinking Workshops in Healthcare: the Case of Contouring in Radiation Oncology

Yarmand, Matin; Chen, Chen; Gasques, Danilo; Murphy, James D.; Weibel, Nadir

doi:10.1145/3411763.3443445

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The use of online tools such as Zoom and Google Jamboards to facilitate the DT process and Google Forms to execute the DM allowed for the participants to share their ideas for the design of the VR simulation remotely and instantaneously, contributing to the speed of data collection [29,30]. The downside to Zoom is that it can pose technological problems (i.e., Internet connectivity and hardware issues related to audio) that can limit individuals from contributing their ideas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Content for a Virtual Reality Simulation to Understand and Mitigate Moral Distress in Healthcare Workers

Sivanathan¹,

Espinola²,

Quevedo³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundIn high-stakes situations, healthcare workers are prone to suffer moral injury, the psychological, social, and spiritual impact of events involving betrayal or transgression of one's own deeply held moral beliefs and values. As a result, this may negatively impact their capacity to provide adequate levels of care to patients. There is a lack of educational resources catered to help healthcare workers navigate ethical situations in clinical settings that may lead to or worsen moral distress. The aim of this report is to describe the methodology of development and resulting outcomes in the form of an educational resource that includes a virtual reality (VR) simulation to help healthcare workers understand and mitigate moral distress as a result of internal and external constraints at their workplaces. MethodologyA study using a method outlining a set of constraint parameters, followed by ideation utilizing design thinking (DT), and concluding with a consensus-building exercise using Delphi methodology (DM) with a group of 13 experts in healthcare simulation, VR, psychiatry, psychology, and nursing. The constraints parameters included technology use (VR), use of experiential learning theory, and duration of the intervention (15 minutes). A DT process was performed to generate and expand on ideas on the scenario and intervention of a possible VR simulation which were funneled into a three-round DM to define the foundations of the VR simulation. Average, standard deviations, and free-text comments in the DM were used to assess the inclusion of the produced requirements. Finally, a focus group interview was conducted with the same experts to draft the VR simulation. ResultsWithin the specified constraints, the DT process produced 33 ideas for the VR simulation scenario and intervention that served as a starting point to short-list the requirements in Round 1. In Rounds 1 to 2, 25 items were removed, needed revising, and/or were retained for the subsequent rounds, which resulted in eight items at the end of Round 2. Round 2 also required specialists to provide descriptions of potential scenarios and interventions, in which five were submitted. In Round 3, experts rated the descriptions as somewhat candidate to use in the final VR simulation, and the open feedback in this round proposed combining the elements from each of the descriptions. Using this data, a prototype of the VR simulation was developed by the project team together with VR designers. ConclusionsThis development demonstrated the feasibility of using the constraints-ideation-consensus approach to define the content of a possible VR simulation to serve as an educational resource for healthcare workers on how to understand and mitigate moral distress in the workplace. The methodology described in this development may be applied to the design of simulation training for other skills, thereby advancing healthcare training and the quality of care delivered to the greater society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Content for a Virtual Reality Simulation to Understand and Mitigate Moral Distress in Healthcare Workers

Sivanathan¹,

Espinola²,

Quevedo³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…We used an iterative design process [21,34] to investigate and surface domain experts' needs. We used thematic analysis [7] to examine the approximately two hours of video/audio data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Needs and Design Opportunities for Virtual Reality-based Contour Delineations of Medical Structures

Chen

Yarmand

Singh

et al. 2022

Companion of the 2022 ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems

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Contour delineation, a critical phase in radiotherapy planning, refers to the process of identifying and segmenting malignant tumors and/or healthy organs from medical images. Today's contouring software requires oncologists to inspect and contour target of interests by analyzing a stack of planar medical images, which is lengthy, tedious and sometimes error prone. Such design is also in contrast to the stereoscopic nature of medical images. Therefore, it is intuitive to consider bringing contouring into immersive Virtual Reality (VR) space. We present an exploratory study that uses iterative design to understand needs and opportunities to bring contour delineation into an immersive 3D space, such as the one enabled by today's head-mounted VR displays. We report on the interactions with three medical professionals and three engineering & design experts, and demonstrate the potential for VR-based 3D contouring while studying the benefits of using 3D immersive spaces to augment the process of contour in 2D. Through needsfinding interviews and co-design workshops, we evaluated our initial iterations and proof-of-concept prototypes. We believe that our preliminary findings will benefit researchers and practitioners who are attempting to bring today's contour delineation processes into an immersive 3D space.

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“…Typically, user-centered design calls for co-design workshops that are used as the space for "creative collaboration", encouraging participants to share stories and coming up with interesting needs [71]. Due to COVID-19, we had to address challenges of virtual engagement and remote co-design including frequent distractions, unnatural conversation forms, and limited interactions [28,90]. We believe that in-person co-design workshops might elicit more insights on supporting older adults' healthcare needs through IVAs.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Barriers and Design Opportunities to Improve Healthcare and QOL for Older Adults through Voice Assistants

Chen

Johnson

Charles

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

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Voice-based Intelligent Virtual Assistants (IVAs) promise to improve healthcare management and Quality of Life (QOL) by introducing the paradigm of hands-free and eye-free interactions. However, there has been little understanding regarding the challenges for designing such systems for older adults, especially when it comes to healthcare related tasks. To tackle this, we consider the processes of care delivery and QOL enhancements for older adults as a collaborative task between patients and providers. By interviewing 16 older adults living independently or semi-independently and 5 providers, we identified 12 barriers that older adults might encounter during daily routine and while managing health. We ultimately highlighted key design challenges and opportunities that might be introduced when integrating voice-based IVAs into the life of older adults. Our work will benefit practitioners who study and attempt to create full-fledged IVA-powered smart devices to deliver better care and support an increased QOL for aging populations. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in accessibility.

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Facilitating Remote Design Thinking Workshops in Healthcare: the Case of Contouring in Radiation Oncology

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Development of Content for a Virtual Reality Simulation to Understand and Mitigate Moral Distress in Healthcare Workers

Development of Content for a Virtual Reality Simulation to Understand and Mitigate Moral Distress in Healthcare Workers

Exploring Needs and Design Opportunities for Virtual Reality-based Contour Delineations of Medical Structures

Understanding Barriers and Design Opportunities to Improve Healthcare and QOL for Older Adults through Voice Assistants

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