Facilitated transport of sodium salicylate across an artificial lipid membrane by Azone

Hadgraft, Jonathan; Walters, K.; Wotton, Paul K.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb04951.x

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Gasco and colleagues reported and increase in the bioavailability of propranol in the presence of taurodeoxycholate 16. The concept of forming ion‐pairs to increase the skin permeability of hydrophilic drugs has also been reported 17–20. In recent years, the ion‐pair effect on lipophilic drug have been focus point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quality of life and everyday activities in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

et al. 2007

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and the USA PBC Epidemiology Group Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is generally a slowly progressive disease that may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. However, patients with PBC often suffer from a variety of symptoms long before the development of cirrhosis that include issues of daily living that have an impact on their work environment and their individual quality of life. We therefore examined multiple parameters by taking advantage of the database of our cohort of 1032 patients with PBC and 1041 matched controls. The data were obtained from patients from 23 tertiary referral centers throughout the United States and from rigorously matched controls by age, sex, ethnicity, and random-digit dialing. The data showed that patients with PBC were more likely than controls to have significant articular symptoms, a reduced ability to perform household chores, and the need for help with routine activities. Patients with PBC rated their overall activity similar or superior to that of controls; however, more of them reported limitations in their ability to carry out activities at work or at home and difficulties in everyday activities. PBC cases also more frequently reported limitations in participating in certain sports or exercises and pursuing various hobbies; however, they did not report significant limitations in social activities. In a multivariable analysis, household income, a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, limitations in work activities, a reduction in work secondary to disability, and church attendance were independently increased in PBC cases with respect to controls. Conclusion: Our data indicate that the quality of life of patients with PBC in the United States is generally well preserved. Nevertheless, patients with PBC suffer significantly more than controls from a variety of symptoms that are beyond the immediate impact of liver failure and affect their lifestyle, personal relationships, and work activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quality of life and everyday activities in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

et al. 2007

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“…Consequently, the fluidity of the lipid microenvironment is increased and diffusion improves. Furthermore, Azone 1 has also been shown to be capable of forming ion pairs with anionic drugs (Hadgraft et al, 1985). Transcutol 1 is a powerful solubilizing agent used in several dosage forms, and it is attractive as a penetration enhancer due to its lack of toxicity, biocompatibility with the skin, miscibility with polar and nonpolar solvents, and optimal solubilizing properties for a number of drugs (Barthélémy et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In Vivo Skin Permeation of Sodium Naproxen Formulated in Pluronic F-127 Gels: Effect of Azone® and Transcutol®

Escobar-Chávez

Quintanar‐Guerrero

Ganem-Rondero

2005

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy

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The objective of this study was to determine the penetration of sodium naproxen, formulated in Pluronic F-127 (PF-127) gels containing Azone and Transcutol as penetration enhancers, through human skin in vivo. It was found that the combination of Azone and Transcutol in PF-127 gels enhanced sodium naproxen penetration, with enhancement ratios of up to two fold compared with the formulation containing only Transcutol. These results were confirmed by TEWL and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, suggesting a synergic action for Azone and Transcutol. Because of the thermo-reversible behavior of Pluronic gels, the influence of the components added to the gel formulations on viscosity, as a function of temperature, was also studied.

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“…Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules have their skin penetration enhanced, although greater enhancement with Azone has been seen with hydrophilic molecules. Ionized molecules do not readily penetrate the stratum corneum; therefore Azone may be used as an ion-pairing agent with an anionic species to promote their partitioning into the lipid phase [51,52]. Azone produces large amount of enhancement at low concentration of active drug in the formulation [53].…”

Section: Azonementioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal Penetration Enhancers

Shaji¹,

Marathe²,

Shah³

2007

CDTH

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Transdermal drug therapy has been one of the major research fields in the area of drug therapy for last few decades. However inspite of its large therapeutic potential market success has been limited. The most important reason being the barrier properties of Stratum Corneum. Various approaches had been tried to breach this barrier .This article briefly reviews the various approaches used to enhance transdermal penetration.Penetration enhancers represent a popular method of increasing drug flux through the skin for local or systemic activity. The article briefly introduces the properties of skin and its barrier characteristics. A classification of various penetration enhancement strategies is given. The following article explores the promise shown by electrical as well as sonicated transdermal drug transport as a novel drug delivery system. The paper details the application of various physical and chemical drugs in transdermal drug delivery. The paper also briefs on use of micro fabricated microneedles and biodegradable enhancers as a novel approach to transdermal drug delivery.The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the future prospects of transdermal penetration enhancers, which can significantly improve the present drug delivery scenario.

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Facilitated transport of sodium salicylate across an artificial lipid membrane by Azone

Cited by 39 publications

References 4 publications

Quality of life and everyday activities in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

Quality of life and everyday activities in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

In Vivo Skin Permeation of Sodium Naproxen Formulated in Pluronic F-127 Gels: Effect of Azone® and Transcutol®

Transdermal Penetration Enhancers

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