“…Such availability of active, surface oxygen species seems very promising for sensing applications. Further catalytic applications of unsupported NiO include formaldehyde (total mineralization at 90 • C over mesoporous NiO) [59], toluene oxidation (T 90% = 242 • C for 500 ppm [60] or 300 • C for 1000 ppm [61]), and methane combustion [62], even though, for the latter, it occurred at high temperatures (complete conversion at 460 • C). On this basis, several sensing applications can be expected from NiO-based devices.…”
The connection between heterogeneous catalysis and chemoresistive sensors is emerging more and more clearly, as concerns the well-known case of supported noble metals nanoparticles. On the other hand, it appears that a clear connection has not been set up yet for metal oxide catalysts. In particular, the catalytic properties of several different oxides hold the promise for specifically designed gas sensors in terms of selectivity towards given classes of analytes. In this review, several well-known metal oxide catalysts will be considered by first exposing solidly established catalytic properties that emerge from related literature perusal. On this basis, existing gas-sensing applications will be discussed and related, when possible, with the obtained catalysis results. Then, further potential sensing applications will be proposed based on the affinity of the catalytic pathways and possible sensing pathways. It will appear that dialogue with heterogeneous catalysis may help workers in chemoresistive sensors to design new systems and to gain remarkable insight into the existing sensing properties, in particular by applying the approaches and techniques typical of catalysis. However, several divergence points will appear between metal oxide catalysis and gas-sensing. Nevertheless, it will be pointed out how such divergences just push to a closer exchange between the two fields by using the catalysis knowledge as a toolbox for investigating the sensing mechanisms.
“…Such availability of active, surface oxygen species seems very promising for sensing applications. Further catalytic applications of unsupported NiO include formaldehyde (total mineralization at 90 • C over mesoporous NiO) [59], toluene oxidation (T 90% = 242 • C for 500 ppm [60] or 300 • C for 1000 ppm [61]), and methane combustion [62], even though, for the latter, it occurred at high temperatures (complete conversion at 460 • C). On this basis, several sensing applications can be expected from NiO-based devices.…”
The connection between heterogeneous catalysis and chemoresistive sensors is emerging more and more clearly, as concerns the well-known case of supported noble metals nanoparticles. On the other hand, it appears that a clear connection has not been set up yet for metal oxide catalysts. In particular, the catalytic properties of several different oxides hold the promise for specifically designed gas sensors in terms of selectivity towards given classes of analytes. In this review, several well-known metal oxide catalysts will be considered by first exposing solidly established catalytic properties that emerge from related literature perusal. On this basis, existing gas-sensing applications will be discussed and related, when possible, with the obtained catalysis results. Then, further potential sensing applications will be proposed based on the affinity of the catalytic pathways and possible sensing pathways. It will appear that dialogue with heterogeneous catalysis may help workers in chemoresistive sensors to design new systems and to gain remarkable insight into the existing sensing properties, in particular by applying the approaches and techniques typical of catalysis. However, several divergence points will appear between metal oxide catalysis and gas-sensing. Nevertheless, it will be pointed out how such divergences just push to a closer exchange between the two fields by using the catalysis knowledge as a toolbox for investigating the sensing mechanisms.
“…Such pseudomorphous decompositions were then used to get calibrated powders for powder metallurgy [1,2] and ceramics processing [3]. Powders made from oxalate, were used or proposed for a lot of technological applications such as catalysis [4,5], sorption of pollutants [6], support of solid oxide fuell cells [7], energy storage [8][9][10], magnetic recording [11,12], inert anode for aluminium electrolysis [13] and low temperature solders [14].…”
Films of copper and cobalt-iron oxalates were prepared from suspensions of powders in ethane-1,2-diol deposited on glass or polycarbonate substrates. Two-dimensional structures of oxides, resolved on the scale of less than ten micrometers, were formed by laser insolation of these films, using a photolithography machine. The nature of the constitutive phases of the oxides formed tends to show that the laser heating makes it possible to reach locally, temperatures higher than 1000 • C. The oxides formed are thus sintered. The residual oxalate can be removed by washing or dissolving, leaving the oxide structure on its substrate. In spite of a perfectible sintering, the formed structures could interest different technological applications (electronic or magnetic devices, gas sensors, photovoltaic systems.. .) requiring the shaping of simple or mixed oxides on a scale close to the micrometer. The process of selective laser decomposition of oxalates, could subsequently be suitable for additive manufacturing of 3D parts.
“…NiO is a promising transition metal oxide because of its advantages of low cost, environmental compatibility, and high chemical and thermal stability (Zheng et al, 2017). In practice, NiO particles are synthetized by various chemical and physicochemical technologies (Hu, Wang, Xuan, Zhang, & Xu, 2017) and have been employed in many fields such as supercapacitors (Cheng et al, 2015), lithium-ion batteries (Jadhav, Thorat, Mun, & Seo, 2016), gas sensors (Tian, Wang, Li, Nadimicherla, & Guo, 2016), adsorption (Zheng et al, 2017), and catalysis (Ye et al, 2016).…”
A heterogeneous NiO catalyst was prepared by a precipitation process using nickel nitrate with oxalic acid and tested for heterogeneous oxidation of benzoic acid (BA) in the presence of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). It was found that the synthetic NiO is highly effective in heterogeneous activation of PMS to produce sulfate radicals (
SO4·-
) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and also presents stable performance in the heterogeneous activation of PMS for BA degradation. Physicochemical properties of the NiO catalyst were characterized by several techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that NiO and NiOOH were formed on the synthetic NiO catalyst and were stably distributed on the catalyst surface. Nearly 95% decomposition could be achieved in 30 min at the conditions of 500 ml 20 μM BA solution, 0.25 g catalyst, and [PMS]:[BA] = 30:1. The heterogeneous reactions, the effects of PMS concentration, and catalyst dosage on the BA degradation were investigated. The heterogeneous BA degradation reactions followed first‐order kinetics. Additionally, quenching experiments proved that the dominant radical in the solution was ·OH. The experiments results also showed that this approach is effective for the degradation of many other pollutants (such as tetracycline hydrochloride, 2, 4‐dichlorophenol, Acid orange 7, rhodamine B, and methyl red).
Practitioner points
A novel NiO material was fabricated for degradation of benzoic acid.
The synthetic NiO catalyst comprised active NiO and NiOOH.
The main radical for benzoic acid removal rate was ·OH.
A plausible mechanism for catalyzed degradation of the benzoic acid was proposed.
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