Facile Synthesis of Triangular and Hexagonal Anionic Gold Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxicity

Abstract

Comprehension of the shape-dependent properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could benefit the advancements in cellular uptake efficiency. Spherical AuNPs have generally been used for drug delivery, and recent research has indicated that the cellular uptake of triangular AuNPs was higher than that of spherical ones. Previous reports have also revealed that chemically synthesized AuNPs were cytotoxic. Therefore, we have developed a facile, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing triangular and hexagonal anionic AuNPs. The zeta potential of the synthesized AuNPs was negative, which indicated that their surface could be easily functionalized with positively charged molecules to upload drugs or biomolecules. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images illustrated that the largest particle size of the synthesized quasi-hexagonal AuNPs was 61 nm. The TEM images also illustrated that two types of equilateral-triangular AuNPs were synthesized: One featured sharp and the other rounded corners. The sides of the smallest and largest triangular AuNPs were 23 and 178 nm, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectra of the green-synthesized AuNPs indicated that they consisted entirely of elemental Au. The cytotoxicity of the green-synthesized AuNPs was evaluated using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Using cell viability data, we determined that the green-synthesized AuNPs did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects on 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Phytosynthesis of Palladium Nanoclusters: An Efficient Nanozyme for Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species

“…We previously developed an ultrasensitive and selective colorimetric detection method for lead [14]. We previously reported the biosynthesis of triangular and hexagonal gold nanoparticles [15], palladium nanoparticles [16][17][18], and HAp nanofibers [19]. The present study reports the biosynthesis of nanoclusters.…”

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of SnO2-Cu Nanocomposites and Evaluation of Their Peroxidase Mimetic Activity

“…The zeta potential was obtained at 11.1 mV z-deviation and 2.26 mS/cm conductivity. The negative potential revealed the presence of biological moieties on the surface of nanocomposites [ 24 ].…”

“…The biosynthesized SnO 2 -Cu nanocomposites were scanned from 650 to 4000 cm −1 ( Figure S2 ). The FTIR spectrum showed a strong and broad peak at 3330 cm −1 , corresponding to the –OH stretching vibrations of the OH units and water [ 24 ]. A strong peak was observed at 1640 cm −1 , indicating the bond for (N–H) bending, which corresponds to primary amines [ 18 ].…”

“…Platycladus species are enriched sources of carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins [ 23 ]. These biomolecules are important sources for the biosynthesis of nanomaterials [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Platycladus species extracts have already been used for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Enzyme Mimetic Activity of ZnO-Pd Nanosheets Synthesized via a Green Route

“…Figure S2 show the FTIR spectrum of biosynthesized nanosheets in the scanning range of 650 to 4000 cm −1 . A broad and strong peak was observed at 3448.1 cm −1 , corresponding to the -OH stretching vibrations of the OH units and water [34]. A medium peak was observed at 2973.7 cm −1 , which corresponded to C-H stretching vibrations of alkane.…”