Facile synthesis of three dimensional porous cellular carbon as sulfur host for enhanced performance lithium sulfur batteries

Nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticle-embedded functional carbon nanofibers for lithium sulfur batteries

“…In this regard, lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries attracted remarkable attention due to the attractive properties of sulfur, such as a high theoretical energy density of 2600 W h kg −1 , a high theoretical capacity of 1675 mA h g −1 , low cost, high abundance, and less harmful impact on the environment. 3 Nevertheless, the employment of Li–S is considerably slowed down because of the insulating nature of sulfur (5 × 10 −30 S cm −1 at 25 °C), complicated redox reactions, and high volumetric expansion of the sulfur cathode after reduction to Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S. Furthermore, soluble electrochemical reaction intermediate product (lithium polysulfides, LiPSs) dissolution occurs, resulting in the degradation of the material and shortening of the battery life. The formation of LiPSs is one of the significant issues of Li–S batteries.…”

Electrophoretically deposited binder-free 3-D carbon/sulfur nanocomposite cathode for high-performance Li–S batteries

“…Encapsulation of sulfur in porous carbon nanostructures (S/C composites) with high surface and large pore volume has been extensively studied during the last two decades as an effective approach to tackle high electronic resistance of the sulfur cathode as well as to improve the physical impediment of LiPSs [12][13][14] . In this context, different strategies such as tape casting [15] , pasting [16] , and wet powder spraying [17] have been adopted to apply the binder-containing S/C composite on the surface of the conductive current collector.…”