Facile synthesis of Sm doped ZnO nanoflowers by Co-precipitation method for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of MB dye under sunlight irradiation

Effect of Ag+, Cu2+ and Sn2+ Doping on Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of KGe0.5Te1.5O6 with Defect Pyrochlore Structure

“…[20] As displayed in Figure 4d, the O 1s peak can be fitted to three peaks at 529.5, 530.4 and 532.6 eV, which are assigned to the lattice oxygen O 2À (denoted as O Lat ), surface adsorbed oxygen species like hydroxyl species and oxygen (denoted as O Ads ) and adsorbed molecular water (denoted as O H2O ), respectively. [18,42,43] It can be noted that the binding energy of the O L peak is shifted towards higher values when KGTO is doped with Ag, Cu, and Sn ions. It is well known that the binding energies of ions are inversely proportional to the ionicity of the bond.…”

Enhanced Durable Corrosion Resistance of Samarium-Doped ZnO Solid Solution Materials by 4f Electrons of Samarium Atoms

“…In the field of photocatalysis, the first-order kinetics equation is usually considered as a very important basic model. , However, experimental results show that the photocatalytic rate reduction trend of materials does not conform to the traditional first-order kinetic equation (Figure ). All photocatalytic materials require a start-up period of about 1 h in the initial stage of degradation, during which the photocatalytic rate is relatively low.…”

“…Although the Sm element has some application value in the field of metal corrosion protection, its advantages are not obvious compared to other metal corrosion inhibitors. Doping is the process of introducing foreign impurities into semiconductor materials to change their electrical and optical properties. − For zinc oxide (ZnO) material, doping with rare earth elements such as cerium, Sm, europium, or gadolinium elements can change its electrochemical and optical characteristics. − Two forms of displaced oxygen atoms are present on the surface of ZnO material: one is surface oxygen atoms that form ZnO material, and the other is surface oxygen atoms occupied by oxygen defects. − When rare earth elements are doped into ZnO material, it can change the content and distribution of surface oxygen atoms, changing the type and number of surface oxygen atoms and thus altering the surface chemical reactions of ZnO material. , The f electrons of rare earth elements can participate in the electron transfer process of redox reactions, thereby regulating the redox properties of the ZnO material surface …”

Facile Synthesis of ZnO/Ag Nanostructure with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

“…[10][11][12] In spite of much research on the effect of ZnO materials that have been explored for the removal of organic pollutants, the significant disadvantage of ZnO materials is the broadband gap and quick recombination of electronhole pairs, hindering its photocatalytic efficiency and restricting its widespread use in the industry. [13] Therefore, various attempt has been concerned at synthesizing a modified ZnO photocatalyst via replacement of metal or non-metal ions, [5,6,8,10] combination with another semiconductor, [14][15][16] and deposition of noble metals on the surface. [16][17][18] Recently, the deposition of noble metals (Ag, Au, etc.)…”

“…The use of semiconductor materials as photocatalysts has paid more and more attention to the photocatalyzed degradation of organic pollutants from wastewater so far. Numerous metal oxide semiconductor materials have been investigated and extensively used in the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater including TiO 2 , [7] ZnO, [8] SnO 2 , [9] etc. Among these, ZnO, an n‐type semiconductor, is regarded as one of the most promising semiconductors for the comprehensive photodegradation of organic pollutants to mineral compounds due to its excellent photosensitivity, simple synthesis process, reduced precursor, controlled morphology, low toxicity, and environmental friendliness [10–12] .…”