Facile synthesis of phenolic-reinforced silica aerogel composites for thermal insulation under thermal-force coupling conditions

Ren, Jian; Zhang, Tao; Kong, Yong; Zhao, Zhiyang; Zhu, Kunmeng; Zhang, Xiaoqian; Shen, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.06.239

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Those simultaneous addition and condensation reactions result in the cross-linked structure of the resorcinol−formaldehyde (RF) network. 30 TBOT is hydrolyzed to Ti−OH groups and subsequently condensed by dehydration to form Ti−O−Ti structures. Then, the phenolic structure, metal ion, and Ti− O−Ti structure are doped with each other to form a stable metal-doped phenolic/titanium dioxide (M/RF/TiO 2 ) network.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…o -Quinone methides can lead to condensation via a methylene bridge, or alternatively, the π system of another resorcinol can attack the protonated hydroxymethylated resorcinol moieties to form methylene linkages. Those simultaneous addition and condensation reactions result in the cross-linked structure of the resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) network . TBOT is hydrolyzed to Ti–OH groups and subsequently condensed by dehydration to form Ti–O–Ti structures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General Approach to the Synthesis of Metal Hybrid Carbon/Titania Aerogel for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Ren,

Zhao,

Kong

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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A mass production route to catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for their end-use application.To date, the direct manufacture of ORR catalysts through simple and economic manufacturing routes remains a challenge, with current approaches relying on convoluted processes using expensive components. Here, a straightforward and cost-effective method is developed to fabricate metal hybrid carbon/titania composite aerogels (CTA-M) as ORR catalysts, which was obtained via carbonizing metal hybrid resorcinol−formaldehyde (RF)/titania composite aerogels at 900 °C in an inert atmosphere. The effect of metal nitrate, including La, Sm, Zr, Cr, Fe, and Cu nitrates, on the structure and ORR performance was investigated. The high porosity and specific surface area enabled CTA-M with a high mass transfer performance. The high asymmetry of anatase leads to the presence of oxygen vacancies in the crystal structure of CTA-M, which maintains the electrostatic equilibrium of the crystal structure, which verifies that the catalytic activity of anatase is superior to that of rutile, whereas the non-homogeneous product enhances the electrical conductivity, which further affects the catalytic activity of the ORR. Trace metal doping can modulate the electronic structure and composition of CTA-M. Iron nitrate doping carbon/titania aerogel (CTA-Fe-A) showed the best pore structure and oxygen adsorption performance. The specific surface area and pore volume of CTA-Fe-A were 720 m 2 g −1 and 1.12 cm 3 g −1 , respectively. The onset potential, half-wave potential, and ultimate current density were 0.82 V, 0.74 V, and 4.96 mA cm −2 , respectively. It is expected that this synthesis technique and the resulting CTA-M could be used as a method for large-scale commercial production of ORR catalysts, thus enabling the use of these materials in a broad spectrum of industrial applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Approach to the Synthesis of Metal Hybrid Carbon/Titania Aerogel for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Ren,

Zhao,

Kong

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…Besides the aerogel's inherent multilevel pore structure, which provides additional deformation space during compression, the incorporation of SiO 2 nanoparticles also enhanced the mechanical properties of the PBO aerogel. 40,41 However, with a relatively small amount of SiO 2 , the aerogels retained the inherent toughness of PBO. When the SiO 2 content exceeded 5 g, it formed a continuous network structure (Figures 2d and S3).…”

Section: Morphology and Structure Characterization Of Pbos Aerogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Mass Residual Silica/Polybenzoxazine Nanoporous Aerogels for High-Temperature Thermal Protection

Liu,

Li,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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High-performance thermal protection materials are urgently needed for thermal protection applications under extreme conditions. Organic aerogels are considered to be promising and efficient thermal protection materials, but their low mass residuals have been the main obstacles to limiting their development and application. Herein, by an in situ copolymerization of benzoxazine prepolymers and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)-soluble silica (SiO2) precursors, polybenzoxazine (PBO) with increased SiO2 contents was formed, leading to high mass residual SiO2/PBO (PBOS) aerogels with dual-network nanoporous structures. The dual-network nanoporous structures of the PBOS aerogels were obtained owing to the similar gelation and cross-linking rates of PBO and SiO2, facilitated by the introduction of ethanol and an increased gelation temperature. The resulting PBOS aerogels exhibited high mass residuals (75.96% Ar, an increase of approximately 26%; 52.23% air, an increase of approximately 30%), considerably higher than those of the existing silicon-modified PBO aerogels. The PBOS-4 aerogel demonstrated excellent high-temperature thermal insulation properties by maintaining a low back temperature of 59.9 °C when exposed to a 1200 °C butane flame for 600 s. Benefiting from the high mass residual and thermal stability, the quartz fiber-reinforced PBOS-4 (QF/PBOS-4) nanoporous aerogel composite exhibited outstanding ablation resistance under a 1500 °C oxyacetylene flame for 600 s, with linear and mass ablation rates of 0.8 μm s–1 and 0.67 mg s–1, respectively. This study presents a method for producing high-performance thermal protection materials suitable for aerospace applications. By addressing the inorganic–organic compatibility issues of low-density materials, this research enhances the potential use of PBO-based aerogel composites in both civil and military applications.

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“…That revealed that the Si-OH groups in PSAMs were consumed by grafting APTES molecules in the following step, as illustrated in Figure 1b. For the ASAMs shown in Figure 3b, the obvious band around 1637 cm −1 could be the result of the bending vibration of the -NH 2 groups in APTES [34], and the -NH 2 groups gradually weakened in the RSAMs, indicating that they were successfully functionalized and crosslinked with styrene in the subsequent reaction. All of the RSAM samples obtained by the VD and SCD methods showed adsorption peaks at 1433, 719 and 699 cm −1 (the blue area in Figure 3), which derived from the deformation and twisted vibrations of Si-C 6 H 5 [35,36].…”

Section: Chemical Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Polymer-Reinforced Silica Aerogel Microspheres as Robust, Hydrophobic and Recyclable Sorbents for Oil Removal from Water

Zhao,

Ren,

Liu

et al. 2023

Polymers

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With the rapid development of industry and the acceleration of urbanization, oil pollution has caused serious damage to water, and its treatment has always been a research hotspot. Compared with traditional adsorption materials, aerogel has the advantages of light weight, large adsorption capacity and high selective adsorption, features that render it ideal as a high-performance sorbent for water treatment. The objective of this research was to develop novel hydrophobic polymer-reinforced silica aerogel microspheres (RSAMs) with water glass as the precursor, aminopropyltriethoxysilane as the modifier, and styrene as the crosslinker for oil removal from water. The effects of drying method and polymerization time on the structure and oil adsorption capacity were investigated. The drying method influenced the microstructure and pore structure in a noteworthy manner, and it also significantly depended on the polymerization time. More crosslinking time led to more volume shrinkage, thus resulting in a larger apparent density, lower pore volume, narrower pore size distribution and more compact network. Notably, the hydrophobicity increased with the increase in crosslinking time. After polymerization for 24 h, the RSAMs possessed the highest water contact angle of 126°. Owing to their excellent hydrophobicity, the RSAMs via supercritical CO2 drying exhibited significant oil and organic liquid adsorption capabilities ranging from 6.3 to 18.6 g/g, higher than their state-of-the-art counterparts. Moreover, their robust mechanical properties ensured excellent reusability and recyclability, allowing for multiple adsorption–desorption cycles without significant degradation in performance. The novel sorbent preparation method is facile and inspiring, and the resulting RSAMs are exceptional in capacity, efficiency, stability and regenerability.

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Facile synthesis of phenolic-reinforced silica aerogel composites for thermal insulation under thermal-force coupling conditions

Cited by 9 publications

References 59 publications

General Approach to the Synthesis of Metal Hybrid Carbon/Titania Aerogel for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

General Approach to the Synthesis of Metal Hybrid Carbon/Titania Aerogel for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

High Mass Residual Silica/Polybenzoxazine Nanoporous Aerogels for High-Temperature Thermal Protection

Facile Synthesis of Polymer-Reinforced Silica Aerogel Microspheres as Robust, Hydrophobic and Recyclable Sorbents for Oil Removal from Water

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