Facile Synthesis of Nickel Phosphide @ N-Doped Carbon Nanorods with Exceptional Cycling Stability as Li-Ion and Na-Ion Battery Anode Material

Abstract

Nickel phosphide (Ni2P), as an anode material for both lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, offers high theoretical specific and volumetric capacities. However, considerable challenges include its limited rate capability and low cycle stability arising from its volume change and degradation during cycling. To solve these issues, appropriate composite micro/nanoparticle designs can improve conductivity and provide confinement. Herein, we report a simple pyrolysis method to synthesize nitrogen-doped carbon-coated Ni2P nanorod arrays (Ni2P@NC) from nickel foam and an ionic resin as a source of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. The N-doped open-ended carbon shells provide Ni2P containment, good electrical conductivity, efficient electrolyte access and the buffering of bulk strain during cycling. Consequently, as a LIB anode material, Ni2P@NC has impressive specific capacity in long-term cycling (630 mAh g−1 for 150 cycles at 0.1 A g−1) and a high rate capability of 170 mAh g−1 for 6000 cycles at 5 A g−1. Similarly, as a SIB anode, Ni2P@NC retains a sizable 288 mAh g−1 over 300 cycles at 0.1 A g−1, and 150 mAh g−1 over 2000 cycles at 2 A g−1. Furthermore, due to a sizable portion of its capacity coinciding with adequately low voltage, the material shows promise for high volumetric energy storage in full-cell format. Lastly, the simple synthesis method has the potential to produce other carbon-coated metal phosphides for electrochemical applications.

Self-sacrificial templated-directed synthesis of an ultrathin 0D/2D FeNi3-NC/NiFeOx Schottky junction as a hydrogen evolution reaction electrode for alkaline seawater electrolysis

“…S3, ESI†) confirmed the presence of pyridinic-N (398.7 eV), pyrrolic-N (399.4 eV) and graphitic-N (400.7 eV), indicating the N doping of the carbon layer. 30–32 Thus, the successful synthesis of the FeNi 3 -NC/NiFeO x heterostructure was confirmed.…”

Green Synthesis of Hierarchically Porous Carbon Derived from Coal Tar Pitch for Enhanced Lithium Storage

“…Therefore, more efforts Batteries 2023, 9, 473 2 of 11 should be devoted to exploring desirable anode materials. It has been widely demonstrated that a variety of carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene [9][10][11], carbon nanotubes [12][13][14][15], porous carbon [16,17], and heteroatom-doped carbon [18][19][20][21], can effectively improve the specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability of LIBs. In particular, two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon nanomaterials featuring a high specific surface area and developed pore structure are very favorable for shortening the transport distance of lithium ions and accelerating the interfacial kinetics, thus holding great potential as fast-charging electrode materials [22][23][24].…”