Facile synthesis of hexagonal-shaped polypyrrole self-assembled particles for the electrochemical detection of dopamine

Lee, Chung-Yi; Hsu, Di‐Yao; Prasannan, Adhimoorthy; Kalaivani, R.A.; Hong, Po‐Da

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.138

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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Section: Cyclodextrins Combined With Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These polypyrrole/β-cyclodextrin films (PPy/β-CD) can be formed by the simple electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of the β-CD and a supporting electrolyte to give PPy/β-CD adherent films. These polymeric materials have been employed in the detection of catecholamine compounds [108], various neurotransmitters [109][110][111], and methyl paraben [112], and utilized as an impedimetric sensor to detect rocuronium bromide, which is a muscle relaxant [113]. By employing anionic β-CDs, such as sulfonated or sulfated CDs (sβ-CD), the anionic β-CDs can be incorporated as dopants within the PPy matrix.…”

Section: Cyclodextrins Combined With Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclodextrins as Supramolecular Recognition Systems: Applications in the Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensors

et al. 2021

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Supramolecular chemistry, although focused mainly on noncovalent intermolecular and intramolecular interactions, which are considerably weaker than covalent interactions, can be employed to fabricate sensors with a remarkable affinity for a target analyte. In this review the development of cyclodextrin-based electrochemical sensors is described and discussed. Following a short introduction to the general properties of cyclodextrins and their ability to form inclusion complexes, the cyclodextrin-based sensors are introduced. This includes the combination of cyclodextrins with reduced graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymers, enzymes and aptamers, and electropolymerized cyclodextrin films. The applications of these materials as chiral recognition agents and biosensors and in the electrochemical detection of environmental contaminants, biomolecules and amino acids, drugs and flavonoids are reviewed and compared. Based on the papers reviewed, it is clear that cyclodextrins are promising molecular recognition agents in the creation of electrochemical sensors, chiral sensors, and biosensors. Moreover, they have been combined with a host of materials to enhance the detection of the target analytes. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including the development of more robust methods for the integration of cyclodextrins into the sensing unit.

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Section: Cyclodextrins Combined With Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cyclodextrins Combined With Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclodextrins as Supramolecular Recognition Systems: Applications in the Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensors

et al. 2021

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“…However, it is highly charged to give a high solution conductivity of 5 mS cm −1 for the 0.01 M solution. It has been reported that pyrrole forms an inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrins [38,39] and this would reduce the rate of electropolymerisation. Using 1 H NMR spectroscopy, 1 H NMR spectra were recorded for pyrrole in the absence and presence of an excess (6-fold) of sβ-CD in D 2 O.…”

Section: Formation Of Ppy-sβ-cdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The incorporation and controlled release of dopamine from a sulfonated β–cyclodextrin–doped conducting polymer

Hendy

Breslin

2019

J Polym Res

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Pyrrole was electropolymerised in the presence of sulfonated β-cyclodextrin to give a conducting polypyrrole film doped with the anionic cyclodextrin, PPy-sβ-CD. On reduction of the polymer film at −0.80 V vs SCE, high concentrations of dopamine (DA) were incorporated and the DA was subsequently released at a potential of 0.10 V vs SCE. Much higher levels of DA were incorporated and released at PPy-sβ-CD compared to polypyrrole films doped with smaller anions and doped with the larger para-toluene sulfonic acid. In addition to releasing higher concentrations of DA, the DA was less prone to oxidation and degradation in the presence of the sulfonated β-cyclodextrin. This was attributed to the formation of an inclusion complex between the protonated DA molecule and the anionic CD. The higher release rates were explained in terms of the immobile nature of the large CD and the high charge density with approximately 9 sulfonated groups attached to the rim of the CD cavity, which facilitated the uptake of high levels of DA. Approximately 6.0 μmol cm −2 of DA was released at 0.10 V vs SCE over 60 min on reducing the PPy-sβ-CD film for 30 min at −0.80 V vs SCE. Higher levels of 9.6 μmol cm −2 were obtained on increasing the reduction period to 60 min, while levels of 14.0 μmol cm −2 were achieved with thicker polymer films.

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“…It has also been reported that a 1:1 host-guest complex occurs between pyrrole and β-cyclodextrin [11]. The formation of this complex was used to generate hexagonal-shaped polypyrrole particles [12], while polypyrrole nano-and micro-spheres [13] and nanowires [5] were synthesised using β-cyclodextrin as a molecular template. In addition, cyclodextrins have been employed to electropolymerise bithiophene in aqueous solutions [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incorporation of macrocyclic molecules within polypyrrole, such as cyclodextrins or calixarenes, gives the polypyrrole additional recognition sites that can be exploited in a wide range of applications. Several reports have been published on the incorporation of β-cyclodextrin within the polypyrrole matrix [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Cyclodextrins are attractive as they are well known to form inclusion complexes with a variety of molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the formation and properties of polypyrrole doped with ionised β-cyclodextrins: influence of the anionic pendants

Annibaldi

Hendy

Breslin

2018

J Solid State Electrochem

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Polypyrrole films doped with sulfonated β-cyclodextrin (PPy/sβ-CD) and carboxymethyl β-cyclodextrin (PPy/CMβ-CD) were formed on electropolymerisation of pyrrole in a solution of the cyclodextrin sodium salts. Lower rates of electropolymerisation were evident with the carboxymethyl β-CD and this was attributed to protonation of the carboxylate groups due to an increase in the interfacial pH at the electrode-solution interface. The PPy/sβ-CD and PPy/CMβ-CD films showed cation exchange behaviour with the ingress of Na + and its associated water molecules on reduction. The PPy/CMβ-CD film showed less electroactive behaviour which may be related to the lower number of anionic pendants on the CMβ-CD or to the possible precipitation of the less soluble neutral CD which arises due to the protonation of the carboxylate groups. The PPy/sβ-CD showed a high capacitance of 6.0 mF cm −2 corresponding to a specific capacitance of 71 F g −1 over a wide potential range extending from − 0.60 to 0.60 V vs SCE. Over-oxidation was observed at relatively low potentials, at about 0.60 V vs SCE. A diffusion coefficient of 6.47 × 10 −6 cm 2 s −1 and a rate constant of 3.73 × 10 −2 cm s −1 were obtained for the ferricyanide redox couple at the PPy/sβ-CD, indicating little or no inhibition of the ferricyanide redox reaction.

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Facile synthesis of hexagonal-shaped polypyrrole self-assembled particles for the electrochemical detection of dopamine

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

Cyclodextrins as Supramolecular Recognition Systems: Applications in the Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensors

Cyclodextrins as Supramolecular Recognition Systems: Applications in the Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensors

The incorporation and controlled release of dopamine from a sulfonated β–cyclodextrin–doped conducting polymer

Studies on the formation and properties of polypyrrole doped with ionised β-cyclodextrins: influence of the anionic pendants

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