Facile synthesis of heteroatom doped and undoped graphene quantum dots as active materials for reversible lithium and sodium ions storage

Recent Advances in Heterostructured Carbon Materials as Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…[46] Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), classified as 0D carbon nanostructures, could be tuned for their electronic properties via size control variation and heteroatoms regulation. [47] For example, Saroja et al [48] reported B-doped GQD with a high specific capacity of 310 mAh g À1 at a specific current of 50 mA g À1 for SIBs, superior to the undoped counterpart GQD (156 mAh g À1 ). CNTs and CNFs are representative 1D allotropes of carbon, and the 1D structures offer a large surface area with abundant reactive sites and a better electronic conductive network, which could significantly improve the electrochemical performance of SIBs anode.…”

Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

“…In that context, Vijaya et al prepared undoped GQDs, boron GQDs (B-GQDs), and nitrogen GQDs (N-GQDs) and used them as pure anode materials for LIBs. [29] Figure 4 illustrates the preparation methods (Figure 4a), TEM images of B-GQDs, N-GQDs, and GQDs (Figure 4b) and the electrochemical performances as well. B-GQDs and N-GQDs exhibit higher specific capacity compared to undoped GQDs, 1896 mA h g À1 , 1500 mA h g À1 , and [22] Copyright 2018, The Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

“…Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 @N-GQDs/CTs as an anode 105 at 0.5 C 97.8% (230) [44] Misch metal based AB 3 alloy MmNi 3 CVD GQDs -GQDs as an anode 156 at 50 mA g À1 75% (500) [29] Graphite oxide and boric acid HM B-GQDs -B-GQD as an anode 307 at 50 mA g À1 53% (500) [29] Graphene oxide and melamine H N-GQDs -N-GQDs as an anode 215 at 50 mA g À1 66% after (500) [29] a)…”

“…c) Galvanostatic charge-discharge profiles of i) B-GQD, ii) N-GQDs, and iii) GQDs for the first cycles at 50 mA g À1 for LIB anodes. d) Cyclic stability for B-GQD, N-GQD, and GQD at 200 mA g À1 [29]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier.…”

Recent advances in heteroatom-doped graphene quantum dots for sensing applications

“…GQDs are designed when there is a fragmentation of graphene sheets into less than the exciton Bohr radius (20 nm). 8 GQDs have exceptional properties such as PL, multi-color emission, brilliant photostability, biocompatibility, electrochemiluminescence (ECL), chemical inertness, small size derived from the quantum confinement effect (QCE), and edge effects. The carboxylic groups located at the edges of GQDs enhance their water solubility as well as providing the potential for functionalization with many inorganic, organic, polymeric, and biomolecules.…”