Facile synthesis of goethite anchored regenerated graphene oxide nanocomposite and its application in the removal of fluoride from drinking water

Abstract

2016): Facile synthesis of goethite anchored regenerated graphene oxide nanocomposite and its application in the removal of fluoride from drinking water, Desalination and Water Treatment, A B S T R A C TDrinking water fluoride pollution is a worldwide environmental problem imposing serious menace to human health. Goethite anchoring regenerated graphene oxide (α-FeOOH@rGO) nanocomposite was synthesized via facile one-step hydrolysis pathway with ferrous sulfate as starting material. Fluoride adsorption efficiencies in aqueous solution were also testified through batch adsorption experiments. α-FeOOH@rGO has good defluoridation ability in a wide range of pH and has a strong anti-interference ability in the presence of high concentration foreign anions. Pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics and Langmuir adsorption isotherms are fitted well involved in fluoride adsorption process. The FTIR and XPS results prove that defluoridation proceeds through an ion-exchange mechanism with sulfatebearing in α-FeOOH@rGO crystal structure. It would be useful for the purpose of environmental protection in design and improvement of α-FeOOH@rGO as a cost-effective anion-exchange adsorbent.

Applicability of Goethite/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites to Remove Lead from Wastewater

“…This result suggests that the GO was successfully reduced and that the α-FeOOH grew on its surface. In addition, the SEM image of composite 2 indicates the growth of α-FeOOH on the GO surface [10,12]. It is important to mention that the three-dimensional structure of the composites means a higher specific area in comparison to the smooth surface of the GO; this is a favorable factor in the adsorption of pollutants [11].…”

“…On the other hand, Figure 5b reveals the separation of graphene sheets to form the smooth structure of the GO, which presents wrinkles on its surface [25]. In the case of the composites, the images reveal the growth of α-FeOOH nuclei in the form of nanorods on the rGO surface [10]. However, for composite 1, the nanorods appear agglomerated on the surface and cover it completely, and for composite 2, the nanorods are distributed in a more uniform and spaced way.…”

“…Figure 7 shows the XRD patterns of (a) graphite, (b) GO, (c) composite 1, and (d) composite 2. In the case of graphite, a peak at 2θ = 26.46° is observed, which corresponds to the reflection of the plane (002) characteristic of graphene layers [10]. In addition, using Bragg’s law, it was determined that the spacing between graphene layers (d-space) is 3.37 Å [28].…”

“…This material has shown good results in regard to the absorption of metals such as lead, arsenic, copper, chromium, and zinc, overcoming the adsorption capacity of materials such as activated charcoal, hematite and zeolite [8,9]. Additionally, the use of GO for the formation of hybrids has been demonstrated to remove contaminants from wastewater [7,8,9,10]. For these reasons, the applicability of goethite (α-FeOOH)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites was proposed to remove Pb(II) from wastewater.…”

Synthesis of a Novel Ce-bpdc for the Effective Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution

“…Though the presence of fluoride in drinking water is essential for human health, excessive intake of fluoride will result in diseases such as dental, skeletal, or crippling fluorosis in children and fetal cerebral function, neurotransmitters and brain damage, Alzheimer's syndrome, thyroid disorder, and cancer in adults [8][9][10][11]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended a guidance value of 1.5 mg/L for fluoride in drinking water, and the permissible concentration of fluoride ions is less than 1.0 mg/L in China [12,13].…”